“…Comparing with the two-dimensional (2D) SWTBLI with a homogeneous transversal direction, the three-dimensional (3D) SWTBLI is less studied and understood, although, it is closer to real flows and has special influences on the performances of intakes and control surfaces. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] Most researches of 3D SWTBLI are limited in the framework of experimental measurements and numerical simulations by solving Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations [11][12][13][14][15] . The large-eddy simulation (LES) or direct numerical simulation (DNS), which can give detailed information of turbulent flows and greatly benefits the research of turbulence mechanisms, has not been applied in the 3D SWTBLI yet in published reports.…”