Flow visualization and force measurement of the clapping effect in bio-inspired flying robots

Balta, Miquel; Deb, Dipan; Taha, Haitham E.

doi:10.1088/1748-3190/ac2b00

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…This sub-section is dedicated to analyze the effect of self-induced vibration in the flow field of Model B at 15% spanwise location. As mentioned by Balta et al [33], the four-wings mechanism generates thrust through the clap and peel mechanism. During the peel motion, it creates a suction between the wings which intakes a significant amount of air.…”

Section: B Effects Of Self-induced Vibrations On the Four-wings Model...mentioning

confidence: 92%

“…This focus of this research is to investigate the effect of self-induced oscillations on two distinct mechanisms of thrust generation for FWMAVs. The flapping robots, Model A (Figures 1a, 2a, 3a) and Model B (Figures 1b, 2b, 3b), utilize a crank-rocker mechanism for flapping, which is also used in the same laboratory by Balta et al (2021) [33]. In case of Model B, wing-wing interaction takes place which exploits the clap-and-peel mechanism.…”

Section: Observation and Experimental Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Outcomes of wing-wing interaction like stronger leading edge vortex [31] and jet effect [29] [32] are utilized for thrust generation by the clap-and-peel mechanism. Balta et al [33] showed with flow visualization that the peel phase of the flapping cycle draws air in and the clap phase propels it downstream; that thrust is augmented using jet effect. A blob of air flows between the wings in the peel phase, which strengthens the leading edge vortex.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thrust Enhancement and Degradation Mechanisms due to Self-Induced Vibrations in Bio-inspired Flying Robots

Deb¹,

Huang²,

Verma³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Bio-inspired flying robot (BIFR) which flies by flapping their wings experience continuously oscillating aerodynamic forces. These oscillations in the driving force cause vibrations in the motion of the body around the mean trajectory. That is, a BIFR hovering in place is not exactly stationary in space, rather it is oscillating in almost all directions about the hovering point in space. These oscillations affect the aerodynamic performance of the flier. Assessing the effect of these oscillations on particularly thrust generation in two-wings and four-wings BIFRs is the main objective of this work. To achieve such a goal two experimental setups were considered to measure the average thrust for the two BIFRs. The average thrust is measured over the flapping cycle of the BIFR. In the first experimental setup, the BIFR is installed at the end of a pendulum rod, in place of the pendulum mass. While flapping, the model creates a thrust force which raises the model along the circular trajectory of the pendulum mass to a certain angular position, which is an equilibrium point and it is also stable. Measuring the weight of the BIFR and the equilibrium angle it obtains, it is straightforward to estimate the average thrust by moment balance about the pendulum hinge. This pendulum setup allows the BIFR model to freely oscillate back and forth along the circular trajectory about the equilibrium position. As such, the estimated average thrust includes the effects of these self-induced vibrations. In contrast, we use another setup that relies on a load cell to measure thrust where the model is completely fixed. The thrust measurement of both the BIFRs using the above mentioned setups exhibited an interesting trend. The load cell or the fixed test lead to a higher thrust than the pendulum or the oscillatory test for the two-wings model, showing an opposite behavior for the four-wings model. That is self induced vibration have different effects on the two BIFR models. Note that the aerodynamic mechanisms of thrust generation for two-wings and four-wings are fundamentally different. A two-wings BIFR generates thrust through traditional flapping mechanisms whereas a four-wings model enjoys clapping effect and wing-wing interaction. In the present work, we use motion capture system, aerodynamic modeling and flow visualization to study the underlying physics of the observed different behaviors of the two flapping models.

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Section: B Effects Of Self-induced Vibrations On the Four-wings Model...mentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Observation and Experimental Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Thrust Enhancement and Degradation Mechanisms due to Self-Induced Vibrations in Bio-inspired Flying Robots

Deb¹,

Huang²,

Verma³

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Given that the parameters, such as wing size, are slightly different, and for comparison with the results of other studies, the force produced by the flapping of the wings must be normalized. Following the previous study ( Balta et al, 2021 ), we define the coefficient of the force C f produced by the flapping of wings as follows:

where N is the number of wings, ρ is the air density, S is the wing area, and V ref is the reference velocity. We used the maximum flapping speed for reference velocity, as in the previous study ( Balta et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of incorporating wing veins on soft wings for flapping micro air vehicles

2023

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Small insects with flapping wings, such as bees and flies, have flexible wings with veins, and their compliant motion enhances flight efficiency and robustness. This study investigated the effects of integrating wing veins into soft wings for micro-flapping aerial vehicles. Prototypes of soft wings, featuring various wing areas and vein patterns in both the wing-chord and wing-span directions, were fabricated and evaluated to determine the force generated through flapping. The results indicated that the force is not solely dependent upon the wing area and is influenced by the wing vein pattern. Wings incorporating wing-chord veins produced more force compared to those with wing-span veins. In contrast, when the wing area was the specific wing area, wings with crossed wing veins, comprising both wing-span veins and wing-chord veins, produced more force. Although wing-chord veins tended to exert more influence on the force generated than the wing-span veins, the findings suggested that a combination of wing-span and wing-chord veins may be requisite, depending upon the wing area.

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“…Furthermore, it is not observed in all hovering insects. That said, several studies have shown enhanced lift/thrust production due to clap-and-fling (or clap-and-peel in case of flexible wings) for certain wing morphologies and operating conditions [146–148]. Studies using similar experimental rigs to the one shown in figure 11 e , determined that a strong fluid influx at the early stage of fling, as the wings separate, affected the wake structure [149].…”

Section: Experimental Rigsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic experimental rigs for investigation of insect wing aerodynamics

Broadley

Nabawy

Quinn

et al. 2022

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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This paper provides a systematic and critical review of dynamic experimental rigs used for insect wing aerodynamics research. The goal is to facilitate meaningful comparison of data from existing rigs and provide insights for designers of new rigs. The scope extends from simple one degree of freedom rotary rigs to multi degrees of freedom rigs allowing various rotation and translation motions. Experimental methods are characterized using a consistent set of parameters that allows objective comparison of different approaches. A comprehensive catalogue is presented for the tested flow conditions (assessed through Reynolds number, Rossby number and advance ratio), wing morphologies (assessed through aspect ratio, planform shape and thickness to mean chord ratio) and kinematics (assessed through motion degrees of freedom). Links are made between the type of aerodynamic characteristics being studied and the type of experimental set-up used. Rig mechanical design considerations are assessed, and the aerodynamic measurements obtained from these rigs are discussed.

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Flow visualization and force measurement of the clapping effect in bio-inspired flying robots

Cited by 9 publications

References 48 publications

Thrust Enhancement and Degradation Mechanisms due to Self-Induced Vibrations in Bio-inspired Flying Robots

Thrust Enhancement and Degradation Mechanisms due to Self-Induced Vibrations in Bio-inspired Flying Robots

Effect of incorporating wing veins on soft wings for flapping micro air vehicles

Dynamic experimental rigs for investigation of insect wing aerodynamics

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