Flower Bud Atrophy in Baccara Roses. V. The Effect of Different Growth Substances on Flowering

Zieslin, N.; Halevy, A. H.

doi:10.1111/j.1399-3054.1976.tb03979.x

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The effects of high temperature are highly dependent on the developmental stage of the inflorescence, and a temperature‐sensitive stage was proposed (Ohno 1991a, Ohno and Kako 1978a, 1978b). This relationship to a developmental stage was shown to be similar in other several blasting phenomena caused by high temperatures and other factors (Kamerbeek and Durieux 1971, Moe 1971a, de Munk 1973, Shillo and Halevy 1976a, Zieslin and Halevy 1976). In Cymbidium , the abortive stage was estimated to be during the premeiotic G 1 phase, based on mitotic activity, nuclear DNA analysis and other floral features (Ohno and Kako 1978b).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Enhanced expression of genes for ACC synthase, ACC oxidase, and NAC protein during high‐temperature‐induced necrosis of young inflorescences of Cymbidium

Mita

Henmi

Ohno

2006

Physiologia Plantarum

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Growing Cymbidium under high-temperature conditions (25-30°C) results in the necrosis of young inflorescences. An increase in the evolution of ethylene was correlated with the necrosis. To study the molecular aspects of hightemperature-induced necrosis of Cymbidium floral buds, we isolated complementary DNA (cDNA) clones for proteins that are likely to be involved in the biosynthesis of ethylene during high-temperature-induced necrosis of young inflorescences, namely, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) synthase (CyACS1) and ACC oxidase (CyACO1). In addition, a cDNA (CyNAC1) encoding an NAC protein whose expression is modulated during high-temperature treatment was isolated by differential display. High levels of expression of CyACS1, CyACO1 and CyNAC1 were observed in the necrotic inflorescences of wild-type Cymbidium at high temperatures. Bud necrosis was not observed in the mericlone mutant (nhn, non-high-temperature-induced necrosis) of Cymbidium. Ethylene evolution was lower in nhn than in wildtype, but application of exogenous ACC or ethephon to the young inflorescences of nhn restored the high-temperature necrosis response. Expression of CyACS1, CyACO1 and CyNAC1 did not increase with hightemperature treatment in the nhn mutant. Expression levels of CyACS1, CyACO1 and CyNAC1 in necrotic inflorescences of nhn treated with 5.0 mM ACC were much lower than in necrotic inflorescences of wild-type at high temperatures, but CyACS1 and CyNAC1 were stimulated by ACC treatment. These results suggest that ethylene is involved in high-temperature necrosis of young inflorescences of Cymbidium and that an NAC protein may be involved in the regulatory mechanisms of genes that are regulated during necrosis.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Enhanced expression of genes for ACC synthase, ACC oxidase, and NAC protein during high‐temperature‐induced necrosis of young inflorescences of Cymbidium

Mita

Henmi

Ohno

2006

Physiologia Plantarum

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“…An alternative interpretation, that short-season and recurrent-flowering roses differ in their sensitivity to GAs, is less likely because it implies that two mutations were involved in the origin of 'Little White Pet'. Zieslin and Halevy (1976b) showed that flowering could be suppressed in the recurrent-flowering rose 'Baccara' by spray applications of GA 3 at sufficiently high concentration (1000 mg L −1 ). The fall in the concentrations of gibberellins in 'Fé-licité et Perpétue' and 'Little White Pet' in late summer may be attributable to a reduction in meristematic activity at that time of year.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in a study of flower-bud atrophy in R. hydrida 'Baccara, ' Zieslin, and Halevy (1976a) reported that concentrations of endogenous growth substances, including those with GA-like activity, were lower in leaves of nonflowering shoots than flowering shoots. Also, shoot blindness could be alleviated by spray applications of 100 mg L −1 GA 3 but, when the concentration was increased to 1000 mg L −1 , flowering was inhibited (Zieslin and Halevy 1976b).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Gibberellins on Flowering in Roses

Roberts

Blake

Lewis

et al. 1999

J Plant Growth Regul

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The gibberellins A(1), A(3), A(5), A(8), A(19), A(20), and A(29) were identified in vegetative shoot tips of Rosa canina by comparing their mass spectra and Kovats retention indices with those of standards. Most wild roses have a short flowering season of 2-4 weeks in spring, whereas most modern cultivars flower recurrently. 'Félicité et Perpétue' is a short-season hybrid from a cross between a wild rose and a recurrent-flowering rose, whereas its sport, 'Little White Pet,' flowers recurrently. The concentrations of gibberellins (GAs) were measured in shoot apices of both cultivars. In March (before floral initiation in spring) the concentrations of GA(1) and GA(3) were respectively threefold and twofold higher in 'Félicité et Perpétue' than in 'Little White Pet.' In April (after floral initiation) the concentrations of both gibberellins were substantially greater than in March, and concentrations of GA(1) and GA(3) were, respectively, 17-fold and 12-fold greater in 'Félicité et Perpétue' than in 'Little White Pet.' It is postulated that, in 'Félicité et Perpétue,' floral initiation occurs when concentrations of GAs are low and is inhibited when concentrations of GAs are high, whereas in 'Little White Pet' concentrations of GAs remain at permissive levels throughout the growing season. Applications of GA(1) and GA(3) to axillary shoots in March inhibited floral development in 'Félicité et Perpétue' but not in 'Little White Pet.' This suggests that the combined concentration of exogenous and endogenous gibberellins might have been raised to inhibitory levels in the former but not in the latter cultivar.

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“…The availability of assimilates is a major factor involved in the growth and flower development of rose shoots. Increased transport of assimilates to young shoots, either as a result of higher rates of photosynthesis (Cockshull, 1975;Khosh-Khui and George, 1977;Hand and Cockshull, 1979;Mortensen et al, 1992) or by a shift in assimilate partitioning (Zieslin and Halevy, 1976;Mor et al, 198 1), stimulated the growth and flower development of roses. Mor and Halevy (1984) demonstrated the importance of light in the partitioning of assimilates in roses.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Light on Growth and Flowering of Rosa hybrids `Mercedes'

Maas¹,

Bakx²

1995

jashs

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Growth and flowering of shoots of `Mercedes' rose was investigated as a function of the level and spectral quality of photosynthetic photon flux (PPF). Experiments were performed with single-shoot plants decapitated above the two most basal leaves with five leaflets. The development of the two lateral shoots emerging from the axillary buds of these leaves was studied for 4 to 6 weeks. To discriminate between the effects of irradiance and light quality, plants were grown in growth chambers in which PPF and its spectral composition could be controlled. At a photoperiod of 12 hours, the length, weight, and flowering of the shoots strongly increased with irradiance. The growth and number of flowering shoots were always higher for the uppermost than for the second shoot. At the highest PPF (270 μmol·m-2·s-1), flowering occurred in 89% and 33% of the uppermost and second shoots, respectively. At an irradiance level of 90 μmol·m-2·s-1, these percentages were 6% and 0%. Although length and dry weight of both types of shoots were significantly increased by reducing the amount of blue light at constant PPF, flower development was not affected. In a second experiment, plants grown in white light (12 h/day) received a short treatment with low-intensity red or far-red `light at the end of each photoperiod. An end-of-day treatment with red light resulted in significantly more flowering shoots than far-red. The red far-red reversibility of this flowering response indicates the involvement of the photoreceptor phytochrome.

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Flower Bud Atrophy in Baccara Roses. V. The Effect of Different Growth Substances on Flowering

Cited by 9 publications

References 23 publications

Enhanced expression of genes for ACC synthase, ACC oxidase, and NAC protein during high‐temperature‐induced necrosis of young inflorescences of Cymbidium

Enhanced expression of genes for ACC synthase, ACC oxidase, and NAC protein during high‐temperature‐induced necrosis of young inflorescences of Cymbidium

The Effect of Gibberellins on Flowering in Roses

Effects of Light on Growth and Flowering of Rosa hybrids `Mercedes'

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