Flowering and flowering genes: from model plants to orchids

Wang, Shan‐Li; An, Hye Ryun; Tong, Chii-Gong; Jang, Seonghoe

doi:10.1007/s13580-020-00309-8

Cited by 18 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 127 publications

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“…MdCDF2 was bound and repressed by MdDAM4–MdSVPa, whereas MdLHY was induced by MdDAM1–MdSVPa and repressed by MdDAM4–MdSVPa (Figs 3f , S10 a). In Arabidopsis, LHY and CDFs act in overlapping flowering pathways (Mizoguchi et al ., 2002 ; Renau‐Morata et al ., 2020 ), leading to the activation and accumulation of CONSTANS (CO), which further activates the expression of the floral integrator gene FLOWERING LOCUS T ( FT ) and, consequently, SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS 1 ( SOC1 ) (Andrés & Coupland, 2012 ; Wang et al ., 2021 ). Interestingly, MdSOC1a (MD02G1197400), an ortholog of the Arabidopsis SOC1 gene, was bound and repressed by the MdSVPa homomeric complex (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unraveling the role of MADS transcription factor complexes in apple tree dormancy

et al. 2021

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 A group of MADS transcription factors (TFs) are believed to control temperature-mediated bud dormancy. These TFs are encoded by genes similar to SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE (SVP) from Arabidopsis and called DORMANCY-ASSOCIATED MADS-BOX (DAM). MADS proteins form transcriptional complexes whose combinatory composition define their molecular function. However, how MADS multimeric complexes control the dormancy cycle in trees is unclear.  Apple MdDAM and other dormancy-related MADS proteins form complexes with MdSVPa, which is essential for the transcriptional complexes ability to bind to DNA. Sequential DNA-affinity purification sequencing (seq-DAP-seq) was performed to define the genome-wide binding sites of apple MADS TF complexes. Target genes associated with the binding sites were identified by combining seq-DAP-seq data with transcriptomics datasets obtained by the glucocorticoid receptor system, and RNA-seq data related to apple dormancy.  We have determined a gene regulatory network (GRN) formed by MdSVPa-containing complexes, which regulate the dormancy cycle in response to environmental cues and hormonal signaling pathways. Moreover, novel molecular evidence on the evolutionary functional segregation between DAM and SVP proteins in the Rosaceae is presented. MdSVPa sequentially forms complexes with the MADS TFs that predominate at each dormancy phase, altering its DNA-binding specificity and, therefore, the transcriptional regulation of its target genes.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unraveling the role of MADS transcription factor complexes in apple tree dormancy

et al. 2021

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“…In our previous study, we obtained the sequence of a LFY gene from transcriptome data from the mango cultivar SiJiMi (unpublished data) and, in this study, we further verified the correctness of its sequence by RT–PCR with the primers LFY-F and LFY-R ( Table S1 ). PCR amplification was performed as described in a previous study [ 2 ]. The primers LFY-F and LFY-R were also used to amplify genomic DNA.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent decades, much progress has been made in understanding the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying flowering time in plants. It is clear that plant flowering is mainly affected by various environmental and endogenous signals, such as daylength, temperature, drought, plant age, endogenous phytohormones, and exogenous plant growth regulators (PGRs) [ 1 , 2 ]. A complex gene regulatory network has been revealed in Arabidopsis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and Functional Characterization of a LEAFY Gene in Mango (Mangifera indica L.)

Wang

et al. 2022

IJMS

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LEAFY (LFY) plays an important role in the flowering process of plants, controlling flowering time and mediating floral meristem differentiation. Owing to its considerable importance, the mango LFY gene (MiLFY; GenBank accession no. HQ585988) was isolated, and its expression pattern and function were characterized in the present study. The cDNA sequence of MiLFY was 1152 bp, and it encoded a 383 amino acid protein. MiLFY was expressed in all tested tissues and was highly expressed in flowers and buds. Temporal expression analysis showed that MiLFY expression was correlated with floral development stage, and two relative expression peaks were detected in the early stages of floral transition and floral organ differentiation. Moreover, 35S::GFP-MiLFY fusion protein was shown to be localized to the nucleus of cells. Overexpression of MiLFY in Arabidopsis promoted early flowering and the conversion of lateral meristems into terminal flowers. In addition, transgenic plants exhibited obvious morphological changes, such as differences in cauline leaf shape, and the number of lateral branches. When driven by the MiLFY promoter, GFP was highly expressed in leaves, floral organs, stems, and roots, during the flowering period. Exogenous gibberellin (GA3) treatment downregulated MiLFY promoter expression, but paclobutrazol (PPP333) upregulated it. Bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assays showed that the MiLFY protein can interact with zinc-finger protein 4 (ZFP4) and SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS 1 (MiSOC1D). Taken together, these results indicate that MiLFY plays a pivotal role in controlling mango flowering, and that it is regulated by gibberellin and paclobutrazol.

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“…At present, studies on flowering are research hotspot for many model species and crucial horticultural plants [ 4 , 5 , 6 ]. In particular, for the model plant, Arabidopsis thaliana , several regulators involved in the flowering induction have been identified through studies on the ambient temperature, vernalization, photoperiod, gibberellin (GA), autonomous, age-dependent, circadian clock, and trehalose-6-phosphate (T6P) pathway [ 7 ]. The regulators involved in the aforementioned pathways can integrate signaling transduction and gene interactions, along with the floral integrator genes to facilitate the transition from vegetative to the reproductive meristem, thereby activating the expression of flowering genes including FLOWERING LOCUS C ( FLC ), FLOWERING LOCUS T ( FT ), FRUITFULL ( FUL ), SUPPRESSSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS1 ( SOC1 ), APETALA1 ( AP1 ), CONSTANS ( CO ), LEAFY ( LFY ), and TARGET OF EAT1 ( TOE1 ) [ 8 , 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Phytohormones and Transcriptomic Profiling of the Female and Male Inflorescence Development in Manchurian Walnut (Juglans mandshurica Maxim.)

Han

Cai

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Flowers are imperative reproductive organs and play a key role in the propagation of offspring, along with the generation of several metabolic products in flowering plants. In Juglans mandshurica, the number and development of flowers directly affect the fruit yield and subsequently its commercial value. However, owing to the lack of genetic information, there are few studies on the reproductive biology of Juglans mandshurica, and the molecular regulatory mechanisms underlying the development of female and male inflorescence remain unclear. In this study, phytohormones and transcriptomic sequencing analyses at the three stages of female and male inflorescence growth were performed to understand the regulatory functions underlying flower development. Gibberellin is the most dominant phytohormone that regulates flower development. In total, 14,579 and 7188 differentially expressed genes were identified after analyzing the development of male and female flowers, respectively, wherein, 3241 were commonly expressed. Enrichment analysis for significantly enriched pathways suggested the roles of MAPK signaling, phytohormone signal transduction, and sugar metabolism. Genes involved in floral organ transition and flowering were obtained and analyzed; these mainly belonged to the M-type MADS-box gene family. Three flowering-related genes (SOC1/AGL20, ANT, and SVP) strongly interacted with transcription factors in the co-expression network. Two key CO genes (CO3 and CO1) were identified in the photoperiod pathway. We also identified two GA20xs genes, one SVP gene, and five AGL genes (AGL8, AGL9, AGL15, AGL19, and AGL42) that contributed to flower development. The findings are expected to provide a genetic basis for the studies on the regulatory networks and reproductive biology in inflorescence development for J. mandshurica.

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Flowering and flowering genes: from model plants to orchids

Cited by 18 publications

References 127 publications

Unraveling the role of MADS transcription factor complexes in apple tree dormancy

Unraveling the role of MADS transcription factor complexes in apple tree dormancy

Isolation and Functional Characterization of a LEAFY Gene in Mango (Mangifera indica L.)

Characterization of Phytohormones and Transcriptomic Profiling of the Female and Male Inflorescence Development in Manchurian Walnut (Juglans mandshurica Maxim.)

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