Flowering times in genetically modified <i>Brassica</i> hybrids in the absence of selection

Bautista, Nonnie; Sagers, Cynthia L.; Lee, E H; Watrud, Lidia S.

doi:10.4141/cjps09047

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The GM Westar line selected for these experiments was shown through a series of selfed generations to be homozygous for all transgenes. Hybrid lines were developed by manual pollination under greenhouse conditions following Bautista et al [32]. Eighteen B. rapa plants were hand-crossed on sequential days with pollen from GM Westar and Westar to generate F1 hybrid generations.…”

Section: Plant Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benefits of Transgenic Insect Resistance in Brassica Hybrids under Selection

et al. 2015

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Field trials of transgenic crops may result in unintentional transgene flow to compatible crop, native, and weedy species. Hybridization outside crop fields may create novel forms with potential negative outcomes for wild and weedy plant populations. We report here the outcome of large outdoor mesocosm studies with canola (Brassica napus), transgenic canola, a sexually compatible weed B. rapa, and their hybrids. Brassica rapa was hybridized with canola and canola carrying a transgene for herbivore resistance (Bt Cry1Ac) and grown in outdoor mesocosms under varying conditions of competition and insect herbivory. Treatment effects differed significantly among genotypes. Hybrids were larger than all other genotypes, and produced more seeds than the B. rapa parent. Under conditions of heavy herbivory, plants carrying the transgenic resistance were larger and produced more seeds than non-transgenic plants. Pollen derived gene flow from transgenic canola to B. rapa varied between years (5%-22%) and was not significantly OPEN ACCESSAgronomy 2015, 5 22 impacted by herbivory. These results confirm that canola-weed hybrids benefit from transgenic resistance and are aggressive competitors with congeneric crops and ruderals. Because some crop and crop-weed hybrids may be competitively superior, escapees may alter the composition and ecological functions of plant communities near transgenic crop fields.

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Section: Plant Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benefits of Transgenic Insect Resistance in Brassica Hybrids under Selection

et al. 2015

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“…Genetic modification (e.g. glyphosate resistance) may cause changes in this phenological window (Bautista et al 2010), which may affect insect herbivore performance.…”

Section: Herbivory and Herbivore Resistance In Treesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological interactions between herbivores and silver birch and aspen trees genetically modified for fungal disease resistance

Vihervuori¹

2015

Diss. For.

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Dealing with transgene flow of crop protection traits from crops to their relatives

Gressel

2014

Pest Management Science

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Genes regularly move within species, to/from crops, as well as to their con- specific progenitors, feral and weedy forms ('vertical' gene flow). Genes occasionally move to/from crops and their distantly related, hardly sexually interbreeding relatives, within a genus or among closely related genera (diagonal gene flow). Regulators have singled out transgene flow as an issue, yet non-transgenic herbicide resistance traits pose equal problems, which cannot be mitigated. The risks are quite different from genes flowing to natural (wild) ecosystems versus ruderal and agroecosystems. Transgenic herbicide resistance poses a major risk if introgressed into weedy relatives; disease and insect resistance less so. Technologies have been proposed to contain genes within crops (chloroplast transformation, male sterility) that imperfectly prevent gene flow by pollen to the wild. Containment does not prevent related weeds from pollinating crops. Repeated backcrossing with weeds as pollen parents results in gene establishment in the weeds. Transgenic mitigation relies on coupling crop protection traits in a tandem construct with traits that lower the fitness of the related weeds. Mitigation traits can be morphological (dwarfing, no seed shatter) or chemical (sensitivity to a chemical used later in a rotation). Tandem mitigation traits are genetically linked and will move together. Mitigation traits can also be spread by inserting them in multicopy transposons which disperse faster than the crop protection genes in related weeds. Thus, there are gene flow risks mainly to weeds from some crop protection traits; risks that can and should be dealt with.

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Flowering times in genetically modified Brassica hybrids in the absence of selection

Cited by 3 publications

References 7 publications

Benefits of Transgenic Insect Resistance in Brassica Hybrids under Selection

Benefits of Transgenic Insect Resistance in Brassica Hybrids under Selection

Ecological interactions between herbivores and silver birch and aspen trees genetically modified for fungal disease resistance

Dealing with transgene flow of crop protection traits from crops to their relatives

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