Flowers Like α-MoO3/CNTs/PANI Nanocomposites as Anode Materials for High-Performance Lithium Storage

Abstract

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have been explored to meet the current energy demands; however, the development of satisfactory anode materials is a bottleneck for the enhancement of the electrochemical performance of LIBs. Molybdenum trioxide (MoO3) is a promising anode material for lithium-ion batteries due to its high theoretical capacity of 1117 mAhg−1 along with low toxicity and cost; however, it suffers from low conductivity and volume expansion, which limits its implementation as the anode. These problems can be overcome by adopting several strategies such as carbon nanomaterial incorporation and polyaniline (PANI) coating. Co-precipitation method was used to synthesize α-MoO3, and multi-walled CNTs (MWCNTs) were introduced into the active material. Moreover, these materials were uniformly coated with PANI using in situ chemical polymerization. The electrochemical performance was evaluated by galvanostatic charge/discharge, cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). XRD analysis revealed the presence of orthorhombic crystal phase in all the synthesized samples. MWCNTs enhanced the conductivity of the active material, reduced volume changes and increased contact area. MoO3-(CNT)12% exhibited high discharge capacities of 1382 mAhg−1 and 961 mAhg−1 at current densities of 50 mAg−1 and 100 mAg−1, respectively. Moreover, PANI coating enhanced cyclic stability, prevented side reactions and increased electronic/ionic transport. The good capacities due to MWCNTS and the good cyclic stability due to PANI make these materials appropriate for application as the anode in LIBs.

Carbon Covering Method to Enhance the Storage Capacity of Materials Belonging to the Conversion and Alloy Storage Types

“…The π conjugated bonds in polyaniline(PANI) cause that the carbons obtained by the carbonizations of PANI to possess the tremendous conductivity. [27] Meanwhile, the PANI possesses the advantages of simple synthesis, high thermal stability and excellent mechanical flexibility. Thus, PANI has garnered great attention as a carbon resource.…”

“…In addition to the carbon resources mentioned earlier, the carbon nanotubes (CNTs), citric acid, phenolic resin and other carbon sources are often used as other carbon sources to cover the M y X z materials. [27,46] Likewise, the electrochemical performance of M y X z @C materials has been greatly improved. Table 1 summarizes the recent progress in the electrochemical properties of conversion type LIBs anode materials covered by carbon, respectively.…”

Fall and Rise: Disentangling Cycle Life Trends in Atmospheric Plasma-Synthesized FeOOH/PANI Composite for Conversion Anodes in Lithium-Ion Batteries

“…The properties of CPs, such as intrinsic electronic conductivity and mechanical flexibility, as well as their own charge storage capacity [53], make this approach feasible. The use of CPs in electrode materials for energy storage devices has proven useful in enhancing their specific capacity, cyclic stability, rate capability, and plastic features [54][55][56], and they were shown to be beneficial for composite electrode materials based on both typical intercalation compounds [57] and transition metal chalcogenides [58,59]. Examples of successful implementation of FeOOH/CPs include FeOOH@PEDOT (1335 mA•h•g −1 ) [26] and β-FeOOH@PEDOT (726 mA•h•g −1 ) [60].…”

Heterointerface Engineered Core-Shell Fe2O3@TiO2 for High-Performance Lithium-Ion Storage

“…By identifying suitable anode materials to enhance capacity and kinetics, LIBs could offer superior energy/power density and broader application prospects. Transition metal oxides (TMOs), especially Fe 2 O 3 with its high theoretical capacity (1007 mAh g −1 ) [12], abundance, strong chemical stability, and eco-friendliness, have attracted considerable interest [13][14][15][16][17][18]. However, the high lithiation potential, significant volume expansion, and side reaction tendencies diminish the feasibility of Fe 2 O 3 as an LIB anode [19].…”