Fluconazole release through semi‐interpenetrating polymer network hydrogels based on chitosan, acrylic acid, and citraconic acid

Abstract

Semi-interpenetrating polymer network hydrogels with different compositions of chitosan (Cs), acrylic acid, and citraconic acid were synthesized via freeradical polymerization with ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as a crosslinker. The variations of the swelling percentages of the hydrogels with time, temperature, and pH were determined, and Cs-poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) hydrogels were found to be most swollen at pH 7.4 and 37 C. Scanning electron micrographs of Cs-PAA and Cs-P(AA-co-CA)-1 (Cs-poly(acrylicacid-co-citraconir acid) À1 ) were taken to observe the morphological differences in the hydrogels. Although the less swollen hydrogel, Cs-P(AA-co-CA)-1, had a sponge-type structure, the most swollen hydrogel, Cs-PAA, displayed a uniform porous appearance. Fluconazole was entrapped in Cs-P(AA-co-CA)-1 and Cs-PAA hydrogels, and the release was investigated at pH 4.0 and 37 C. The kinetic release parameters of the hydrogels (the gel characteristic constant and the swelling exponent) were calculated, and non-Fickian diffusion was established for Cs-PAA, which released fluconazole much more slowly than the Cs-P(AA-co-CA)-1 hydrogel. A therapeutic range was reached at close to 1 h for both hydrogels.

Synthesis and Characterization of 5-Fluorouracil-Loaded Glutaraldehyde Crosslinked Chitosan Hydrogels

“…Hydrogels are hydrophilic, three-dimensional and polymeric networks that can absorb large amount of water or biological fluids [1,2]. Their resemblance to living tissue makes them suitable for medical applications [3,4].…”

Synthesis and swelling properties of pH‐ and temperature‐sensitive interpenetrating polymer networks composed of polyacrylamide and poly(γ‐glutamic acid)

“…Hydrogels are crosslinked, three‐dimensional hydrophilic polymer networks that can absorb large amounts of water while maintaining their three‐dimensional structure 1, 2…”

Sorption of textile dyes from textile wastewater by chitosan-based hydrogel

“…To improve the adsorption capacity, chemical modifications of chitosan with acids have been explored [15].…”