Fluctuating fish asymmetry in natural and artificial reservoirs of Dnipro region on example of invasion types

Abstract

Researches of fluctuating asymmetry of the bilateral features of fish were conducted in 2018 on the natural reservoirs (the Samara River within Novomoskovsk and Pavlograd districts of Dnipropetrovsk region, the reservoirs of the Dnipro-Oril Nature Reserve). Insignificant deviations from the bilateral symmetry of external features in living organisms may indicate a decrease in the vitality of certain populations. Using of mass, widespread fish species as the test objects is the best way to detect the levels of fluctuating asymmetry. The fluctuating asymmetry of four bilateral features was estimated within 146 units of the common sunfish Lepomis gibbosus, the stone moroco of Pseudorasbora parva and the round goby Neogobius melanostomus in different habitat conditions, the stability of their life circle was evaluated. The number of rays in the interbranchial septum, the number of branching rays in the pectoral and abdominal fins, the number of scales in the lateral line were analysed. The variability of these features on the left and right sides of the fish was evaluated. The lowering of the natural fish populations vitality because of the influence of negative anthropogenic pressure is currently minor. The stability of fish development by the analysis of bilateral features is noted within normal limits of 1 point (Neogobius melanostomus from the reservoirs of the Dnipro-Oril Nature Reserve, Lepomis gibbosus and Pseudorasbora parva from the middle section of the Samara River) or deviates insignificantly from the statutory indicator in 2 points (Lepomis gibbosus from the lower section of the Samara River). Species of Neogobius melanostomus from the reservoirs of the Dnipro-Oril Nature Reserve show the lowest quantitative indices of the bilateral features asymmetry (0.17 of asymmetric detections per feature). This may demonstrate the absence of negative anthropogenic impact on ground fish within the particularly guarded water areas. The application of the analysis of the fluctuating fish asymmetry is the simplest and most accessible way of rapid testing of the water environment state, but complex laboratory studies, including molecular and biochemical ones, must be used to obtain a more accurate and reliable estimate.

Fluctuating Asymmetry in Morphological Characters of the Invasive Round Goby Neogobius melanostomus Populations from Different Habitats of the Sava River Basin, Croatia

“…al., 2019). The fluctuating asymmetry of Neogobius melanostomus performed on several meristic characters was low under anthropogenic environmental stress (Horchanok, 2019).…”

“…The asymmetric individuals may have lower probabilities of survival than more symmetric ones, and single-trait asymmetry can serve as an early warning system in conservation (Lens et al, 2002). The demersal and bottom-dwelling fish are particularly vulnerable to contaminants of different origins (Horchanok, 2019). Therefore, generally abundant gobies have been used previously to identify environmental stress (Jumawan et al, 2016).…”