The essential results of the mode-coupling theory for the evolution of structural relaxation in simple liquids such as the Debye-Waller-factor anomaly, the critical decay, von Schweidler's law, the α -and β -relaxation scaling, the appearance of two divergent time scales, and Kohlrausch's law for the α -process are explained, and their relevance to the understanding of experiments in glass-forming systems is described. : 64.70.Pf, 61.20.Lc In memoriam: I first met Dmitrii Nikolaevich Zubarev in 1969, when I came to Moscow to work with his team at the Steklov-Institute. Since then we met regularly. I always enjoyed discussing with him many open problems in statistical physics and I learned a lot from his unbiased and well contemplated views on various issues. I like to remember his gentleness, his warm hospitality, and the conversations with him on non-scientific matters. I dedicate this article to the memory of Dmitrii Nikolaevich with gratitude.
Key words: mode-coupling theory, structural relaxation, glassy dynamics, bifurcation dynamics
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