Fluctuations of charge separation perpendicular to the event plane and local parity violation in sqrt(sNN)=200 GeV Au+Au collisions at RHIC

Adamczyk, L.; Adkins, J. K.; Agakishiev, G.; Aggarwal, M. M.; Ahammed, Z.; Alekseev, I.; Alford, J.; Anson, C.; Aparin, A.; Arkhipkin, D.; Aschenauer, E. C.; Averichev, G. S.; Balewski, J.; Banerjee, A.; Barnovska, Z.; Beavis, D.; Bellwied, R.; Betancourt, M.; Betts, R. R.; Bhasin, A.; Bhati, A. K.; Bhattarai,; Bichsel, H.; Bielčík, J.; Bielčíková, J.; Bland, L. C.; Bordyuzhin, I. G.; Borowski, W.; Bouchet, J.; Brandin, A. V.; Brovko, S. G.; Bruna, E.; Bültmann, S.; Bunzarov, I.; Burton, T. P.; Butterworth, J.; Caines, H.; Sánchez, M. Calderón De La Barca; Cebra, D.; Cendejas, R.; Cervantes, M. C.; Chaloupka, P.; Chang, Z.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Chen, H. F.; Chen, J. H.; Chen, J. Y.; Chen, L.; Cheng, J.; Cherney, M.; Chikanian, A.; Christie, W.; Chung, P.; Chwastowski, J. J.; Codrington, M. J. M.; Corliss, R.; Cramer, J. G.; Crawford, H. J.; Cui, X.; Das, Souvik; Leyva, A. Davila; Silva, L. C. De; Debbe, R.; Dedovich, T. G.; Deng, J.; Souza, R. Derradi de; Dhamija, S.; Ruzza, B. Di; Didenko, L.; Dilks,; Ding, F.; Dion, A.; Djawotho, P.; Dong, X.; Drachenberg, J. L.; Draper, J. E.; Du, C. M.; Dunkelberger, L. E.; Dunlop, J. C.; Efimov, L. G.; Elnimr, M.; Engelage, J.; Engle, K. S.; Eppley, G.; Eun, L.; Evdokimov, O.; Fatemi, R.; Fazio, S.; Fedorišin, J.; Fersch, R. G.; Filip, P.; Finch, E.; Fisyak, Y.; Flores, C.; Gagliardi, C. A.; Gangadharan, D. R.; Garand, D.; Geurts, F. J. M.; Gibson, A.; Gliske, S.; Grebenyuk, O. G.; Grosnick, D.; Guo, Y.; Gupta, A.; Gupta, S.; Guryn, W.; Haag, B.; Hajkova, O.; Hamed, A.; Han, L.; Haque, R.; Harris, J. W.; Hays-Wehle, J. P.; Heppelmann, S.; Hirsch, A.; Hoffmann, G. W.; Hofman, D. J.; Horvat, S.; Huang, B.; Huang, H. Z.; Huck, P.; Humanic, T. J.; Igo, G.; Jacobs, W. W.; Jena, C.; Judd, E. G.; Kabana, S.; Kang, K. H.; Kauder, K.; Ke, H. W.; Keane, D.; Kechechyan, A.; Kesich, A.; Kikoła, D. P.; Kiryluk, J.; Kisel, I.; Kisiel, A.; Koetke, D. D.; Kollegger, T.; Konzer, J.; Koralt, I.; Korsch, W.; Kotchenda, L.; Кравцов, П.; Krueger, K.; Kulakov, I.; Kumar, L.; Kycia, R. A.; Lamont, M. A.C.; Landgraf, J. M.; Landry, K. D.; LaPointe, S.; Lauret, J.; Lebedev, A.; Lednický, R.; Lee, J. H.; Leight, W. A.; LeVine, M. J.; Li, C.; Li, W.; Li, X.; Li, Y.; Li, Z. M.; Lima, L. M.; Lisa, M. A.; Liu, F.; Ljubičić, T.; Llope, W. J.; Longacre, R. S.; Luo, X.; L., G.; G., Y.; Don, D. M. M. D. Madagodagettige; Mahapatra, D. P.; Majka, R.; Margetis, S.; Markert, C.; Masui, H.; Matis, H. S.; McDonald, D.; McShane, T. S.; Mioduszewski, S.; Mitrovski, M.; Mohammed, Y.; Mohanty, B.; Mondal, M. M.; Munhoz, M. G.; Mustafa, M. K.; Naglis, M.; Nandi, B. K.; Nasim, Md.; Nayak, T. K.; Nelson, J. M.; Nogach, L. V.; Novák, J.; Odyniec, G.; Ogawa, A.; Oh, K.; Ohlson, A.; Okorokov, V.; Oldag, E. W.; Oliveira, R. A. Negrao De; Olson, D.; Pachr, M.; Page, B. S.; Pal, S. K.; Pan, Y. X.; Pandit, Y.; Panebratsev, Y.; Pawlak, T.; Pawlik, B.; Pei, H.; Perkins, C.; Peryt, W.; Pile, P.; Planinić, M.; Pluta, J.; Plyku, D.; Poljak, N.; Porter, J.; Poskanzer, A. M.; Powell, C. B.; Pruneau, C.; Pruthi, N. K.; Przybycień, M.; Pujahari, P. R.; Putschke, J.; Qiu, H.; Ramachandran, S.; Raniwala, R.; Raniwala, S.; Ray, R. L.; Riley, C. K.; Ritter, H. G.; Roberts, J.; Rogachevskiy, O. V.; Romero, J. L.; Ross, J. F.; Roy, A.; Ruan, L.; Rusňák, J.; Sahoo, N.; Sahu, P. K.; Sakrejda, I.; Salur, S.; Sandacz, A.; Sandweiss, J.; Sangaline, E.; Sarkar, Anjishnu; Schambach, J.; Scharenberg, R. P.; Schmah, A. M.; Schmidke, B.; Schmitz, N.; Schuster, T.; Seger, J.; Seyboth, P.; Shah, Nausheen R.; Shahaliev, E.; Shao, M.; Sharma, B.; Sharma, Monika; Shen, W. Q.; Shi, S. S.; Shou, Q. Y.; Sichtermann, E. P.; Singaraju, R.; Skoby, M. J.; Smirnov, D.; Smirnov, N.; Solanki, D.; Sorensen, P.; Desouza, U. G.; Spinka, H. M.; Srivastava, B.; Stanislaus, T. D. S.; Stevens, J. R.; Stock, R.; Strikhanov, M.; Stringfellow, B.; Suaide, A. A. P.; Suarez, M. C.; Šumbera, M.; Sun, X. M.; Sun, Yipeng; Sun, Z.J.; Surrow, B.; Svirida, D. N.; Symons, T. J. M.; Toledo, A. Szanto de; Takahashi, J.; Tang, A. H.; Tang, Z.; Tarini, L. H.; Tarnowsky, T.; Thomas, J. H.; Timmins, A. R.; Tlusty, D.; Tokarev, M.; Trentalange, S.; Tribble, R. E.; Tribedy, P.; Trzeciak, B. A.; Tsai, O. D.; Turnau, J.; Ullrich, T.; Underwood, D. G.; Buren, G. Van; Nieuwenhuizen, G. van; Vanfossen, J. A.; Varma, R.; Vasconcelos, G. M.S.; Vértesi, R.; Videbæk, F.; Viyogi, Y. P.; Vokál, S.; Voloshin, S. A.; Vossen, A.; Wada, M.; Walker, M.; Wang, F.; Wang, G.; Wang, H.; Wang, J. S.; Wang, Q.; Wang, X. L.; Wang, Y.; Webb, G.; Webb, J. C.; Westfall, G. D.; Wieman, H.; Wissink, S. W.; Witt, R.; Wu, Y.; Zhang, Xiao; Xie, W.; Xin, K.; Xu, H. S.; Xu, N.; Xu, Qingyang; Xu, W.; Xu, Y.; Xu, Z.; Yan, Victoria C.; Yang, C.; Yang, Y.; Yepes, P.; Liu, Yi; Yip, K.; Yoo, I. K.; Zawisza, Y.; Zbroszczyk, H.; Zha, W.; Zhang, J. B.; Zhang, S.; Zhang, X. P.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, Z. P.; Zhao, Feng; Zhao, J. W.; Zhong, C.; Zhu, X.; Zhu, Y.; Zoulkarneeva, Y.; Zyzak, M.

doi:10.48550/arxiv.1302.3802

Cited by 13 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Such fluctuations consistent with the CME have been experimentally observed at RHIC by the STAR Collaboration [59,60]. A recent high statistics study by STAR confirms the existence of the effect, and finds that the separation of charge is predominantly orthogonal to the reaction plane [155], as expected for the CME [54].…”

Section: Cme In Heavy Ion Collisions At Rhic and Lhcsupporting

confidence: 67%

The Chiral Magnetic Effect and anomaly-induced transport

Kharzeev

2014

Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics

505

373

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The Chiral Magnetic Effect (CME) is the phenomenon of electric charge separation along the external magnetic field that is induced by the chirality imbalance. The CME is a macroscopic quantum effect -it is a manifestation of the chiral anomaly creating a collective motion in Dirac sea. Because the chirality imbalance is related to the global topology of gauge fields, the CME current is topologically protected and hence non-dissipative even in the presence of strong interactions. As a result, the CME and related quantum phenomena affect the hydrodynamical and transport behavior of systems possessing chiral fermions, from the quark-gluon plasma to chiral materials. The goal of the present review is to provide an elementary introduction into the main ideas underlying the physics of CME, a historical perspective, and a guide to the rapidly growing literature on this topic. 1

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Section: Cme In Heavy Ion Collisions At Rhic and Lhcsupporting

confidence: 67%

The Chiral Magnetic Effect and anomaly-induced transport

Kharzeev

2014

Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics

505

373

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“…Recent measurements [79] indicate that the observables that are sensitive to the chiral magnetic effect that were seen previously in high energy heavy ion collisions [80][81][82][83] persist robustly down to collision energies corresponding to baryon chemical potentials µ B > 0.3 GeV, meaning µ V > 0.1 GeV.…”

Section: Outlook and Potential Phenomenological Consequencesmentioning

confidence: 88%

Chiral drag force

Rajagopal¹,

Sadofyev²

2015

Preprint

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We provide a holographic evaluation of novel contributions to the drag force acting on a heavy quark moving through strongly interacting plasma. The new contributions are chiral in the sense that they act in opposite directions in plasmas containing an excess of left-or right-handed quarks. The new contributions are proportional to the coefficient of the axial anomaly, and in this sense also are chiral. These new contributions to the drag force act either parallel to or antiparallel to an external magnetic field or to the vorticity of the fluid plasma. In all these respects, these contributions to the drag force felt by a heavy quark are analogous to the chiral magnetic effect (CME) on light quarks. However, the new contribution to the drag force is independent of the electric charge of the heavy quark and is the same for heavy quarks and antiquarks, meaning that these novel effects do not in fact contribute to the CME current. We show that although the chiral drag force can be nonvanishing for heavy quarks that are at rest in the local fluid rest frame, it does vanish for heavy quarks that are at rest in a suitably chosen frame. In this frame, the heavy quark at rest sees counterpropagating momentum and charge currents, both proportional to the axial anomaly coefficient, but feels no drag force. This provides strong concrete evidence for the absence of dissipation in chiral transport, something that has been predicted previously via consideration of symmetries. Along the way to our principal results, we provide a general calculation of the corrections to the drag force due to the presence of gradients in the flowing fluid in the presence of a nonzero chemical potential. We close with a consequence of our result that is at least in principle observable in heavy ion collisions, namely an anticorrelation between the direction of the CME current for light quarks in a given event and the direction of the kick given to the momentum of all the heavy quarks and antiquarks in that event.

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“…In particular, the interplay of magnetic field and quantum anomalies has been predicted to lead to a number of interesting phenomena, including the chiral magnetic effect [1,8], a quadrupole deformation of the electric charge distribution induced by a chiral magnetic wave [9,10], and the enhanced anisotropic production of soft photons through "magneto-sonoluminescence"the conversion of phonons into photons in an external magnetic field [11]. While several of the predicted effects have been observed in heavy ion collision data [12][13][14][15][16][17][18], it is often hard to distinguish them unambiguously from a combination of mundane phenomena possibly present in the anisotropic expansion of quark-gluon matter, see e.g. Refs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetohydrodynamics, charged currents, and directed flow in heavy ion collisions

2014

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The hot QCD matter produced in any heavy ion collision with a nonzero impact parameter is produced within a strong magnetic field. We study the imprint that these fields leave on the azimuthal distributions and correlations of the produced charged hadrons. The magnetic field is time dependent and the medium is expanding, which leads to the induction of charged currents owing to the combination of Faraday and Hall effects. We find that these currents result in a charge-dependent directed flow v 1 that is odd in rapidity and odd under charge exchange. It can be detected by measuring correlations between the directed flow of charged hadrons at different rapidities, v ± 1 (y 1 )v ± 1 (y 2 ) .

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Fluctuations of charge separation perpendicular to the event plane and local parity violation in sqrt(sNN)=200 GeV Au+Au collisions at RHIC

Cited by 13 publications

References 14 publications

The Chiral Magnetic Effect and anomaly-induced transport

The Chiral Magnetic Effect and anomaly-induced transport

Chiral drag force

Magnetohydrodynamics, charged currents, and directed flow in heavy ion collisions

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