Fluid Dynamic Approaches for Prediction of Spray Drift from Ground Pesticide Applications: A Review

Hong, Suk-Jin; Park, Jinseon; Jeong, Hanna; Lee, Seyeon; Choi, Lak-yeong; Zhao, Lingying; Zhu, Heping

doi:10.3390/agronomy11061182

Cited by 30 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 124 publications

(238 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In addition to the drone itself, wind conditions and crop canopy are also important influencing factors. Hong et al (2021) proposes a review of fluid dynamic approaches of spray drift taking into account influencing factors (including droplet size, wind conditions, and canopy interaction) into account to build accurate spray models, however this review does not concern the specific case fo UASS. In the future, a greater number of CFD studies will be implemented for the range of conditions for evaluating multi-rotor UASS to be expanded, thereby forming a modeling method to optimize UASS performance systematically.…”

Section: Discussion and Further Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of unmanned aerial spraying systems and related spray drift: A review

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Although drift is not a new issue, it deserves further attention for Unmanned Aerial Spraying Systems (UASS). The use of UASS as a spraying tool for Plant Protection Products is currently explored and applied worldwide. They boast different benefits such as reduced applicator exposure, high operating efficiency and are unconcerned by field-related constraints (ground slope, ground resistance). This review summarizes UASS characteristics, spray drift and the factors affecting UASS drift, and further research that still needs to be developed. The distinctive features of UASS comprise the existence of one or more rotors, relatively higher spraying altitude, faster-flying speed, and limited payload. This study highlights that due to most of these features, the drift of UASS may be inevitable. However, this drift could be effectively reduced by optimizing the structural layout of the rotor and spraying system, adjusting the operating parameters, and establishing a drift buffer zone. Further efforts are still necessary to better assess the drift characteristics of UASS, establish drift models from typical models, crops, and climate environments, and discuss standard methods for measuring UASS drift.

show abstract

Section: Discussion and Further Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of unmanned aerial spraying systems and related spray drift: A review

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Our experiments showed that all the tested sprayers (C1, C2 and T) strongly reduced the liquid sprayed above the standard citrus canopy (2.90 m height) when nozzle openings were adjusted to the target, irrespective of nozzle type (coarse or fine), spray volume rate (high or low) and fan gearbox speed (high or low) settings. This finding was of prime interest considering that most spray drift in orchard treatments involves droplets that move above the canopy, especially via direct spraying into the air [6,71,72]. Minimizing the spray cloud above the targeted canopy by matching its shape and height will enhance the chances of reducing spray drift during application.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…- into the air [6,71,72]. Minimizing the spray cloud above the targeted canopy by matching its shape and height will enhance the chances of reducing spray drift during application.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the Airblast Settings on the Vertical Spray Profile: Implementation on an On-Line Decision Aid for Citrus Treatments

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Airblast sprayers are widely used for the application of plant protection products (PPP) in citrus. Adaptation of the vertical distribution of the spray cloud to the canopy (density, shape and size), is essential to deposit an adequate amount of PPP on the target and to reduce losses (drift, runoff). Vertical spray profiles of three air-assisted axial fan hydraulic sprayers with different configurations and settings were obtained to evaluate the effect of these settings on the vertical spray profile. From the analysis of the empirical results, the impact of operational settings (nozzle, air volume and flow rate) on treatment efficiency is assessed. The empirical database generated in this work has been employed to feed the Citrus VESPA model, a highly intuitive, web-based decision aid tool that helps farmers to easily estimate the vertical spray profiles generated by their particular sprayers and settings and how these influence deposition and potential drift. The tool can also be used to determine the effect and importance of adequately selecting, orienting and opening/closing nozzles and optimizing volume application rate and fan speed, in order to adjust the application to the actual vegetation, with the aim of saving resources and reducing risks to humans and the environment.

show abstract

“…4,21,22 Plant canopies affect the wake by blocking the horizontal and vertical displacement of air masses. Wake penetration through the canopy has an inverse relationship with canopy density 23 which depends in part on the growth stage of the plant.…”

Section: Far-field Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the pattern of spray released from a moving multicopter

Chyrva

Jermy

Strand

et al. 2022

Pest Management Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BACKGROUND Multicopters are used for releasing particulates seeds, fertilizer and spray. Their low cost and high manoeuvrability make them attractive for spraying in steep terrain and areas where overspray is undesirable. This article describes a model of multicopter wake and its influence on particulate dispersion, which is computationally economical compared to many computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approaches, yet retains reasonable accuracy. RESULTS A model was successfully implemented in OpenFOAM. It features source terms for the rotor wash, Lagrangian particle tracking, an evaporation model, and a porous medium approach to model the effect of the ground vegetation. Predictions were validated against the field tests of Richardson et al. which used a DJI Agras MG‐1 multicopter in three different flights with airspeeds of 3.2–4.9 m s−1, ground speeds of 2.1–2.9 m s−1 and cross‐wind speeds of 0.04–2.2 m s−1. The effective swath width (30% line separation) was predicted to within one standard deviation. Sensitivity to a rotor rotational speed, flight height, flight velocity, multicopter roll and yaw angles, surface roughness length, plant height and leaf density was checked. CONCLUSION In all flight trials, the modelled swath was closest to the experimentally obtained swath when the surface roughness of the fetch was equal to 0.5 m (bushes) and the rotational speed of all rotors was equal to 2475 rpm with 0.75R (0.2 m) tall plant canopy (grass) introduced to the model. The model showed acceptable validity for flight velocities of ≤2.8–5 m s−1 when flight parameters can be approximately estimated. © 2022 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

show abstract

Fluid Dynamic Approaches for Prediction of Spray Drift from Ground Pesticide Applications: A Review

Cited by 30 publications

References 124 publications

Characteristics of unmanned aerial spraying systems and related spray drift: A review

Characteristics of unmanned aerial spraying systems and related spray drift: A review

Effect of the Airblast Settings on the Vertical Spray Profile: Implementation on an On-Line Decision Aid for Citrus Treatments

Evaluation of the pattern of spray released from a moving multicopter

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About