Fluid-dynamics modelling of the human left ventricle with dynamic mesh for normal and myocardial infarction: Preliminary study

Khalafvand, Seyed Saeid; Ng, Eddie Yin-Kwee; Zhong, Liang; Hung, Tin-Kan

doi:10.1016/j.compbiomed.2012.06.010

Cited by 52 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…We have recently published clinical case studies to accurately simulate MV dynamics of various pathologic conditions using our dynamic finite element protocol [37, 38]. It is anticipated that incorporation of realistic fluid-induced loading conditions on the valve cusps (e.g., physiologic 3D fluid-structure interaction simulation) will provide more accurate information pertaining to valvular dynamics [8, 19, 25, 27]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomechanical evaluation of the pathophysiologic developmental mechanisms of mitral valve prolapse: effect of valvular morphologic alteration

Choi

McPherson

Kim

2015

Med Biol Eng Comput

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Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) refers to an excessive billowing of the mitral valve (MV) leaflets across the mitral annular plane into the left atrium during the systolic portion of the cardiac cycle. The underlying mechanisms for the development of MVP and mitral regurgitation (MR) in association with MV tissue remodeling is still unclear. We performed computational MV simulations to investigate the pathophysiologic developmental mechanisms of MVP. A parametric MV geometry model was utilized for this study. Posterior leaflet enlargement and posterior chordal elongation models were created by adjusting the geometry of the posterior leaflet and chordae, respectively. Dynamic finite element simulations of MV function were performed over the complete cardiac cycle. Computational simulations demonstrated that enlarging posterior leaflet area increased large stress concentration in the posterior leaflets and chordae, and posterior chordal elongation decreased leaflet coaptation. When MVP was accompanied by both posterior leaflet enlargement and chordal elongation simultaneously, the posterior leaflet was exposed to extremely large prolapse with a substantial lack of leaflet coaptation. These data indicate that MVP development is closely related to tissue alterations of the leaflets and chordae. This biomechanical evaluation strategy can help us better understand the pathophysiologic developmental mechanisms of MVP.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomechanical evaluation of the pathophysiologic developmental mechanisms of mitral valve prolapse: effect of valvular morphologic alteration

Choi

McPherson

Kim

2015

Med Biol Eng Comput

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“…The pressure drop is defined as the difference in the pressure between the apex pressure and mitral orifice (during diastole) or aortic orifice (during systole) pressure. The maximum pressure occurs after A-wave and E-wave during diastole and peak of ejection during systole due to flow acceleration and deceleration [17] (Reprinted from [17], with permission from Elsevier)…”

Section: Boundary Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this regard, Khalafvand et al [17] studied three different normal LVs and three different patient LVs after MI, to investigate the effect of heart remodeling on the hemodynamic parameters. In this simulation, they thoroughly demonstrated the formation and propagation of vortices, and compared the flow patterns of all cases during the entire cardiac cycle.…”

Section: Patient-specific Study Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It can be noted that more vortices are generated in the normal LVs. It is seen that the inside of the LV cavity is dominated by a big vortex in the N3 case and all other abnormal cases [17]. (Reprinted from [17], with permission from Elsevier)…”

Section: Patient-specific Study Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Patient-specific LV CFD simulation aims to mimic realistic cardiovascular hemodynamics to evaluate the intraventricular hemodynamics for different purposes, such as for diagnostic analysis [2], analysis of preoperative and postoperative LVs to evaluate surgical outcomes [13], preoperative LV analysis to examine various surgical alternatives to choose the best option [16], and finally, the analysis of pathological LVs to assess their physiological conditions [17]. Table 1 summarizes the works published over the past 15 years on the simulation of human patient-specific LVs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heart blood flow simulation: a perspective review

Doost

Ghista²,

et al. 2016

BioMed Eng OnLine

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Cardiovascular disease (CVD), the leading cause of death today, incorporates a wide range of cardiovascular system malfunctions that affect heart functionality. It is believed that the hemodynamic loads exerted on the cardiovascular system, the left ventricle (LV) in particular, are the leading cause of CVD initiation and propagation. Moreover, it is believed that the diagnosis and prognosis of CVD at an early stage could reduce its high mortality and morbidity rate. Therefore, a set of robust clinical cardiovascular assessment tools has been introduced to compute the cardiovascular hemodynamics in order to provide useful insights to physicians to recognize indicators leading to CVD and also to aid the diagnosis of CVD. Recently, a combination of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and different medical imaging tools, image-based CFD (IB-CFD), has been widely employed for cardiovascular functional assessment by providing reliable hemodynamic parameters. Even though the capability of CFD to provide reliable flow dynamics in general fluid mechanics problems has been widely demonstrated for many years, up to now, the clinical implications of the IB-CFD patient-specific LVs have not been applicable due to its limitations and complications. In this paper, we review investigations conducted to numerically simulate patient-specific human LV over the past 15 years using IB-CFD methods. Firstly, we divide different studies according to the different LV types (physiological and different pathological conditions) that have been chosen to reconstruct the geometry, and then discuss their contributions, methodologies, limitations, and findings. In this regard, we have studied CFD simulations of intraventricular flows and related cardiology insights, for (i) Physiological patient-specific LV models, (ii) Pathological heart patient-specific models, including myocardial infarction, dilated cardiomyopathy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and hypoplastic left heart syndrome. Finally, we discuss the current stage of the IB-CFD LV simulations in order to mimic realistic hemodynamics of patient-specific LVs. We can conclude that heart flow simulation is on the right track for developing into a useful clinical tool for heart function assessment, by (i) incorporating most of heart structures’ (such as heart valves) operations, and (ii) providing useful diagnostic indices based hemodynamic parameters, for routine adoption in clinical usage.

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Three‐dimensional CFD/MRI modeling reveals that ventricular surgical restoration improves ventricular function by modifying intraventricular blood flow

Khalafvand

Zhong

2014

Numer Methods Biomed Eng

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Surgical ventricular restoration (SVR) is designed to normalize distorted ventricular shape and size in patients with left ventricular (LV) dysfunction and akinetic and dyskinetic segments. This study is aimed to quantify the characteristics of LV as a pump for a case before and after SVR, which is followed by coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). We hypothesize that SVR+CABG improves heart flow. A patient with heart failure had magnetic resonance (MR) scans before and 4 months after SVR. LV endocardial geometries were semi-automated segmented and reconstructed using our customized algorithm. The arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian formulation of Navier-Stokes equations was solved to derive the flow patterns and calculate pressure differences in LV. After SVR, LV ejection fraction increased from 34% to 48% in patient but was still lower than normal (70%). Second, LV vortices were stronger than pre-surgery but still weaker than normal. The maximum pressure differences between ventricular base and apex increased from 180 to 400 Pa during diastole, from 252 to 560 Pa during systole, respectively. As anticipated, SVR reduced LV volumes and augmented LV ejection fraction. Three-dimensional CFD/MRI modeling suggests that improved diastolic and systolic ventricular function after SVR is associated with changes in intraventricular blood flow.

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Fluid-dynamics modelling of the human left ventricle with dynamic mesh for normal and myocardial infarction: Preliminary study

Cited by 52 publications

References 23 publications

Biomechanical evaluation of the pathophysiologic developmental mechanisms of mitral valve prolapse: effect of valvular morphologic alteration

Biomechanical evaluation of the pathophysiologic developmental mechanisms of mitral valve prolapse: effect of valvular morphologic alteration

Heart blood flow simulation: a perspective review

Three‐dimensional CFD/MRI modeling reveals that ventricular surgical restoration improves ventricular function by modifying intraventricular blood flow

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