Fluid Dynamics of an Inertial Particle Separator

Barone, Dominic; Loth, Eric; Snyder, Philip H.

doi:10.2514/6.2014-1314

Cited by 12 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…Barone et al [32] suggest that this loss separation efficiency is due to turbulent instabilities present within the scavenge flow leg and bifurcation region. Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) was used to show that the flow field in the bifurcation region of the IPS experiences flow regimes that hinder particle separation.…”

Section: Chapter 6 Ips Particle Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this study the core mass flow was set at a constant 1.71 lbm/s and the scavenge flow was fixed at 0.326 lbm/s to yield the baseline flow split value of 0.16. More details on the facility operation and optical setup are given by Barone et al [8] and Barone et al [32] , respectively.…”

Section: Facilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…al [32] . The 10 µm particles come into the bifurcation region with nearly flat (no velocity component in the y direct) pathlines and do not follow the fluid streamlines that are already turning downward.…”

Section: Osg-1mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Particles with Stokes numbers on the order of 1 will have a balance of inertial forces and fluid forces, the trajectory of these particles are more difficult to predict and are thus of the most interest. has been shown to have a highly complex turbulent flow field [32] , so that τ Λ is expected to vary widely throughout the flow. However, one may estimate that these effects are substantially influenced by the flow separation length.…”

Section: Particle Stokes Numbermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, one may estimate that these effects are substantially influenced by the flow separation length. Based on measurements of the velocity field by Barone et al [32] , the flow separation length varies with flow split and geometry but is which is approximately proportional to the flow path height at the throat, H. The height-based Stokes number (St H = τ p · u H /H), is also included in figure 4.8 based on the height of the throat at x ≈ 15cm where H = 2.5cm and u H ≈ 137m/s. Since St H is greater than St D for a given particle diameter, one may expect that that the largest particles will be more influenced by inviscid flow turning than by turbulent flow structures.…”

Section: Particle Stokes Numbermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inertial Particle Separator Multiphase Dynamics

Barone¹

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The effects of sand and dust ingestion often limit the useful life of turbine engines operating in austere environments and efforts are needed to reduce the quantity of particulate entering the engine. Several Engine Air Particle Separation (EAPS) systems exist. In particular, Inertial Particle Separators (IPS) are of interest because they offer significant weight savings and are more compact. However, they do not yet provide separation efficiencies as high as that from barrier filter and vortex-tube separator technologies. In order to further improve the efficiency of IPS systems, an in depth study of the multiphase flow dynamics has been undertaken.An experimental approach was chosen to fill the void of available data and provide useful information for model validation. A wind tunnel has been designed, constructed and tested to study the multiphase flow dynamics of an inertial particle separator. The experimental facility includes a rectangular test-section ideal for optical access, and is capable of reproducing full-scale flow and particle conditions seen in separator systems. Separation efficiencies were measured for A4 Coarse Test Dust over a range of operating conditions for several geometries.Results show that the separation efficiency is dependent on the scavenge flow split and strongly dependent on the outer surface geometry. Further separation efficiency tests where conducted using nominally sized 10 µm, 35 µm, and 120 µm glass spheres to eliminate the complexities of dust size, shape, and density that are present in Arizona Test Dust. A model was then created to determine the separation efficiency for particles of any given size. iv Several flow visualization techniques were performed to determine the fluid and particle dynamics. Oil-streak flow visualization was utilized to characterize the flow along the walls of the IPS to determine the location of the recirculation zone and to verify that sidewall effects were minimal. Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) was utilized to quantify the fluid flow field using small olive oil tracer particles. PIV was further utilized using 10 µm and 35 µm glass-spheres to determine the particle velocities in the IPS. Finally, high-speed video was used to capture the dynamics of the particle-fluid interactions. These experiments have shown the dynamic instabilities present in an IPS system that lead to lower separation efficiencies compared with other EAPS systems. The identification of these instabilities will help to improve future IPS designs. Also, the data collected during the course of this study provides the first reference of comparison for computational modeling of an IPS. for the last few years, but he has taught me a great deal. I couldn't ask for a better advisor.

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Section: Chapter 6 Ips Particle Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Facilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Osg-1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Particle Stokes Numbermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Particle Stokes Numbermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inertial Particle Separator Multiphase Dynamics

Barone¹

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Unsteady Flow Dynamics Within an Inertial Particle Separator

Snyder

Barone

Loth

2015

Volume 1: Aircraft Engine; Fans and Blowers; Marine

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Inertial Particle Separators are utilized in the inlet of a gas turbine engine to remove a significant fraction of the damaging sand and dust particulate ingested by the engine. In gas turbine propulsion applications these devices have pressure loss, space claim, and maintainability characteristics that are more favorable than other types of particle separating devices. Maximizing the particle separation efficient of such devices is the subject of continuing importance. A more complete understanding of the underlying fluid and particulate flow mechanisms present has been undertaken. This study focuses on the how particulate is affected by the unsteady flow dynamics within the inertial particle separator (IPS). The work utilized a particle separator test rig with flow path scale and airflow velocities relevant to that used in current production designs. The techniques of surface flow visualization, net separation efficiency measurement, specific geometry changes, traditional Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV), Multi-Phase PIV (MP-PIV), and high speed video were each applied to examine the fundamental flow physics of the fluid flow field and the particle motion created by the IPS geometries.

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A Parametric Study of Inertial Particle Separator Geometry

Connolly¹

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An Inertial Particle Separator (IPS) is a particulate removal device typically installed at the inlet of a gas turbine to mitigate effects of sand ingestion on the engine. This system can minimize particulate ingestion during helicopter landings in austere brown-out conditions so as to increase engine life. Typically, IPS systems have lower engine power losses than alternative engine inlet filtration technologies.The present studies investigated a variety of novel IPS geometries. Tests were conducted on a fundamental twodimensional experimental facility that allows optical access. Geometries were evaluated using a variety of performance criteria. Of primary import is particle separation efficiency which measures the effectiveness of the system at removing particulate from the core engine flow stream. The separation efficiency of a particular IPS configuration is reliant in part on the characteristics of the flowfield, especially for finer particulate. Low scavenge air mass flow fractions are desirable, as it is directly related to the amount of power diverted from the engine to power the IPS. However, lowering scavenge mass flow fraction increases rates of flow separation and instability, leading to lost particle separation efficiency. There is a lack of available experimental data for IPS geometries designed to operate effectively at these low scavenge mass flow fractions.Modifications from a baseline geometry were made to the scavenge leg and Outer Surface Geometry (OSG).Performance was evaluated based on particle separation efficiency, Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV), surface flow visualization, first order predictive methods, as well as power loss and mass flow rate variations. These experiments showed that reductions in the scavenge channel height were effective at increasing separation efficiency at low scavenge mass flow fraction. Additionally, these modifications successfully reduced flow instability and demonstrated a link between flow separation and particle separation efficiency. The present studies provide comprehensive empirical data to guide future development of IPS geometries specifically optimized to perform effectively at low power levels.4

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Fluid Dynamics of an Inertial Particle Separator

Cited by 12 publications

References 14 publications

Inertial Particle Separator Multiphase Dynamics

Inertial Particle Separator Multiphase Dynamics

Unsteady Flow Dynamics Within an Inertial Particle Separator

A Parametric Study of Inertial Particle Separator Geometry

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