Fluid intelligence, social cognition, and perspective changing abilities as pointers of psychosocial adaptation

Huepe, David; Salas, Natalia

doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00287

Cited by 19 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Additionally, the finding that EF predicts FI and CI and that FI predicts SA through CI was expected as the relationship between intelligence and SA has been tested previously 10 . Recently, Huepe and Salas suggested that the elucidation of prefrontal cortex functions such as FI and perspective changing is crucial for understanding psychosocial adaptation mechanisms 102 . We did not find a direct effect of FI, but the comparison with other previous studies is not straightforward.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of executive functions, social cognition and intelligence in predicting social adaptation of vulnerable populations

Schulte

Trujillo

Rodríguez-Villagra

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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This study sought to evaluate the roles of and interactions between cognitive processes that have been shown to exhibit impact from socioeconomic status (SES) and living conditions in predicting social adaptation (SA) in a population of adults living in socially vulnerable conditions. Participants included 226 people between the ages of 18 and 60 who have been living in vulnerable contexts throughout life in Santiago, Chile. Data was collected through a battery of psychological assessments. A structural equation model (SEM) was implemented to examine the interrelationships among cognitive and social variables. Results indicate a significant relationship between executive function (EF) and SA through both social cognition (SC) and intelligence. Theory of Mind (ToM), a component of SC, was shown to exhibit a significant relationship with affective empathy; interestingly, this was negatively related to SA. Moreover, fluid intelligence (FI) was found to exhibit a positive, indirect relationship with SA through crystallized intelligence (CI). Evaluation of these results in the context of research on the impacts of SES and vulnerable living conditions on psychological function may allow for the development of more effective clinical, political, and social interventions to support psychosocial health among socially vulnerable populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of executive functions, social cognition and intelligence in predicting social adaptation of vulnerable populations

Schulte

Trujillo

Rodríguez-Villagra

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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“…In most theoretical frameworks of empathy, perspective taking (i.e., thinking from others’ point of view) and mentalizing (i.e., understanding others’ mental states) are considered central cognitive processes involved in empathic judgments (e.g., Decety & Jackson, 2004; Decety & Lamm, 2006; Hooker, Verosky, Germine, Knight, & D’Esposito, 2008; Preston & de Waal, 2002), which draw on fluid cognitive abilities, that is, basic cognitive skills that are relatively knowledge-free (e.g., Huepe & Salas, 2013; Rakoczy, Harder-Kasten, & Sturm, 2012). It has been argued that age-related cognitive decline (particularly in fluid cognition) could be one potential factor underlying eventual age differences in empathy (Ruffman, Henry, Livingstone, & Phillips, 2008).…”

Section: The Role Of Cognitive Performance For Empathic Accuracymentioning

confidence: 99%

Empathic accuracy for happiness in the daily lives of older couples: Fluid cognitive performance predicts pattern accuracy among men.

Hülür¹,

Hoppmann²,

Rauers³

et al. 2016

Psychology and Aging

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Correctly identifying other's emotional states is a central cognitive component of empathy. We examined the role of fluid cognitive performance for empathic accuracy for happiness in the daily lives of 86 older couples (mean relationship length = 45 years; mean age = 75 years) on up to 42 occasions over 7 consecutive days. Men performing better on the Digit Symbol test were more accurate in identifying ups and downs of their partner's happiness. A similar association was not found for women. We discuss the potential role of fluid cognitive performance and other individual, partner, and situation characteristics for empathic accuracy. (PsycINFO Database Record

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“…In studying the factors that explain age differences in social-economic decision making, it is also crucial to consider the role of general cognitive functioning. Indeed, previous research has suggested that cognitive abilities are necessary for people's adaptation to social contexts (Huepe and Salas, 2013). In particular, reasoning skills, that are known to decrease with age (e.g., Salthouse, 2005), seem to be involved in prosocial disposition and in understanding the dynamism of a social situation (Ma and Leung, 1991;Weidman and Strayhorn, 1992), in order to produce an adequate interpretation of what is happening and to infer people's actions in a specific context.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prosocial behavior in aging: which factors can explain age-related differences in social-economic decision making?

Rosi

Nola

Lecce

et al. 2019

Int. Psychogeriatr.

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Objectives:Older adults tend to exhibit more prosocial behavior than younger adults. However, little research has focused on understanding the factors that may explain such differences in the social decision-making process. The first aim was to examine if, and to what degree, the content of social information about a recipient has an impact on young vs. older adults’ prosocial behavior. The second aim was to understand if empathic concern, Theory of Mind, and reasoning explain the (expected) age differences in prosociality.Design:Cross-sectional study.Setting:The study was conducted in northern Italy in a laboratory setting.Participants:Forty-eight younger adults (Mage = 23.29; SD = 2.20) and 48 older adults (Mage = 70.19; SD = 5.13).Measurements:Prosocial behavior was measured using the Dictator Game in which participants split a sum of money with recipients presented with four levels of description: no information, physical description, positive psychological description, and negative psychological description. In addition, participants performed tasks on emphatic concern, Theory of Mind, and reasoning.Results:Results showed that older adults are more prosocial than younger adults in the Dictator Game. This finding was evident when the recipient was described with positive psychological and physical features. This pattern of results was statistically explained by the reduction in reasoning ability.Conclusion:These findings suggest a relationship between age-related reduction in reasoning ability and older adults’ prosocial behavior. The theoretical and practical implication of the empirical findings are discussed.

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Fluid intelligence, social cognition, and perspective changing abilities as pointers of psychosocial adaptation

Cited by 19 publications

References 51 publications

The role of executive functions, social cognition and intelligence in predicting social adaptation of vulnerable populations

The role of executive functions, social cognition and intelligence in predicting social adaptation of vulnerable populations

Empathic accuracy for happiness in the daily lives of older couples: Fluid cognitive performance predicts pattern accuracy among men.

Prosocial behavior in aging: which factors can explain age-related differences in social-economic decision making?

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