Fluid ionic composition influences hydraulic conductance of xylem conduits

Ieperen, W. van; Meeteren, U. van; Gelder, H. van

doi:10.1093/jexbot/51.345.769

Cited by 122 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The finding that ions in the water promote the flow rate in stem segments was corroborated by van Ieperen et al (2000), Zwieniecki et al (2001), and several others (for example, see López-Portillo et al, 2005;Domec et al, 2007;Gascó et al, 2007;Nardini et al, 2007b).…”

supporting

confidence: 54%

“…The inclusion of monovalent or divalent cations in the distilled water used to perfuse the segments immediately increased the rate of water flow, the anions being of no importance. Sugars were also without effect (van Ieperen et al, 2000;van Ieperen and van Gelder, 2006). Zwieniecki et al (2001) found the same in stem segments of Laurus nobilis and Fraxinus americana.…”

Section: Data On Stem Perfusion and The Pit Membrane Pectin-swelling mentioning

confidence: 77%

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Hydrogel Regulation of Xylem Water Flow: An Alternative Hypothesis: Figure 1.

Doorn¹,

Hiemstra²,

Fanourakis³

2011

Plant Physiol.

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supporting

confidence: 54%

Section: Data On Stem Perfusion and The Pit Membrane Pectin-swelling mentioning

confidence: 77%

Hydrogel Regulation of Xylem Water Flow: An Alternative Hypothesis: Figure 1.

Doorn¹,

Hiemstra²,

Fanourakis³

2011

Plant Physiol.

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“…Recent work suggests that changes in pit membrane porosity with ionic strength of the xylem sap are responsible for changes in overall xylem conductivity (Zimmermann, 1983;Van Ieperen et al, 2000;Zwieniecki et al, 2001a). However, this can only be possible if vessels are shorter than their saturating lengths.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of circular bordered pit function I. Angiosperm vessels with homogenous pit membranes

Sperry

Hacke

2004

American J of Botany

207

244

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A model predicted pit and vessel conductivity, the air-seed pressure for cavitation, and the implosion pressure causing vessel collapse. Predictions were based on measurements from 27 angiosperm species with circular bordered pits and air-seed pressures of 0.2-11.3 MPa. Vessel implosion pressure exceeded air-seed pressure by a safety factor of 1.8 achieved by the increase in vessel wall thickness per vessel diameter with air-seed pressure. Intervessel pitting reduced the implosion pressure by 20 to 40%. Pit hydraulic conductivity decreased by 30-fold from low (Ͻ1 MPa) to high (Ͼ10 MPa) air-seed pressure primarily because of decreasing pit membrane conductivity. Vessel conductivity (per length and wall area) increased with vessel length as higher lumen conductivity overcame low pit conductivity. At the ''saturating vessel length,'' vessel conductivity maximized at the Hagen-Poiseuille value for the lumen per wall area. Saturated vessel conductivity declined by sixfold with increasing air-seed pressure because of increased wall thickness associated with increased implosion resistance. The saturated vessel length is likely the optimal length because: (a) shorter vessels have lower conductivities, (b) longer vessels do not increase conductivity when functional yet decrease it more when cavitated, (c) observed pit structure most closely optimized vessel conductivity at the saturated length, and (d) saturated lengths were similar to measured lengths.

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“…Recently, published results [144,156], have shown an effect of ionic composition on hydraulic conductance. This effect seems to be small (10%) in most of the experimented plants species and dose-dependent, but it can be significant in other plants, depending on the ion concentration, pH, and non-polar solvent.…”

Section: Quantitative Characteristics Of Hydraulic Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

Hydraulic architecture of trees: main concepts and results

2002

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-Since about twenty years, hydraulic architecture (h.a.) is, doubtless, the major trend in the domain of plants (and especially trees) water relations. This review encompasses the main concepts and results concerning the hydraulic of architecture of trees. After a short paragraph about the definition of the h.a., the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the h.a. are presented. This is an occasion to discuss the pipe model from the h.a. point of view. The second part starts with the central concept of embolism and give a review of important experimental results and questions concerning summer and winter embolism. The last part deals with the coupling between hydraulic and stomatal conductances. It discusses the theoretical and experimental relationships between transpiration and leaf water potential during a progressive soil drought, the increase of soil-root resistance and its consequences in term of xylem vulnerability, the factors controlling the daily maximum transpiration and how stomates can prevent "run away embolism". In conclusion different kinds of unsolved questions of h.a., which can be a matter of future investigations, are presented in addition with a classification of trees behaviour under drought conditions. To end, an appendix recalls the notions of water potential, pressure and tension.hydraulic architecture / cohesion-tension theory / summer embolism / winter embolism / drought resistance Résumé -Architecture hydraulique des arbres : concepts principaux et résultats. Sans aucun doute, depuis une vingtaine d'années, l'architecture hydraulique (a.h.) est devenue une approche majeure dans le domaine des relations plantes-eau (et particulièrement pour les arbres). Cette revue présente les principaux concepts et résultats concernant l'a.h. Après un bref paragraphe sur la définition de l'a.h., les caractéristiques qualitatives et quantitatives définissant l'a.h. sont passées en revue. À cette occasion le « pipe model » est discuté du point de vue de l'a.h. La seconde partie commence avec le concept central d'embolie et continue avec une présentation des principaux résultats et questions touchant l'embolie estivale et l'embolie hivernale. La dernière partie analyse le « couplage » entre les conductances hydraulique et stomatique. Il y est discuté des relations théoriques et expérimentales entre la transpiration et le potentiel hydrique foliaire durant la mise en place d'une sécheresse progressive du sol, de l'augmentation de la résistance sol-racines et de ses conséquences en terme de vulnérabilité du xylème, des facteurs contrôlant la transpiration maximale journalière et de quelle manière les stomates peuvent prévenir l'emballement de l'embolie. La conclusion fait état de différentes questions non résolues, qui pourraient faire l'objet de recherches futures et esquisse une classification du comportement des arbres vis-à-vis de la sécheresse. Pour finir, un appendice rappelle les notions de potentiel hydrique, de pression et de tension.architecture hydraulique / théorie de la cohé...

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Fluid ionic composition influences hydraulic conductance of xylem conduits

Cited by 122 publications

References 21 publications

Hydrogel Regulation of Xylem Water Flow: An Alternative Hypothesis: Figure 1.

Hydrogel Regulation of Xylem Water Flow: An Alternative Hypothesis: Figure 1.

Analysis of circular bordered pit function I. Angiosperm vessels with homogenous pit membranes

Hydraulic architecture of trees: main concepts and results

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