Flumequine in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar: disposition in fish held in sea water versus fresh water

Sohlberg, Sidsel; Ingebrigtsen, Kristian; Hansen, Magne Kjerulf; Hayton, William L.; Horsberg, Tor Einar

doi:10.3354/dao049039

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…This phenomenon might be explained by the influence of chelation on the compound's pharmacokinetic properties (Stein, ). Seawater fish drink actively, and the chelation of FMQ in the gut contents by Mg 2+ and Ca 2+ ions from seawater might have reduced the primary absorption and enterohepatic cycling in seawater compared with freshwater conditions (Sohlberg et al ., ). Rigos et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of flumequine in blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) after intravascular and oral administrations

Dong

Yang

et al. 2015

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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In this study, the pharmacokinetic profile of flumequine (FMQ) was investigated in blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) after intravascular (3 mg/kg body weight (b.w.)) and oral (50 mg/kg b.w.) administrations. The plasma samples were determinedby ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) with fluorescence detection. After intravascular administration, plasma concentration-time curves were best described by a two-compartment open model. The distribution half-life (t1/2α ), elimination half-life (t1/2β ), and area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) of blunt snout bream were 0.6 h, 25.0 h, and 10612.7 h·μg/L, respectively. After oral administration, a two-compartment open model with first-order absorption was also best fit the data of plasma. The t1/2α , t1/2β , peak concentration (Cmax ), time-to-peak concentration (Tmax ), and AUC of blunt snout bream were estimated to be 2.5 h, 19.7 h, 3946.5 μg/L, 1.4 h, and 56618.1 h. μg/L, respectively. The oral bioavailability (F) was 32.0%. The pharmacokinetics of FMQ in blunt snout bream displayed low bioavailability, rapid absorption, and rapid elimination.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Sohlberg et al . () reported that FMQ was eliminated at a substantially higher rate from fish in seawater than in freshwater. This phenomenon might be explained by the influence of chelation on the compound's pharmacokinetic properties (Stein, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of flumequine in blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) after intravascular and oral administrations

Dong

Yang

et al. 2015

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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“…The apparent lack of salinity effect was somewhat unexpected since our previous work demonstrated significant faster FF elimination in Nile tilapia reared at higher salinity (>8 ppt) at 28 • C (27), and other studies with oxytetracycline in tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) (53), oxolinic acid in rainbow trout (54,55), and flumequine in Atlantic salmon (56,57) also supported this finding. Nonetheless, the differences in salinity levels in these previous studies were large, namely from 0 ppt to about 30 ppt in the cases of oxytetracycline in tilapia and quinolones in salmonids (54)(55)(56)(57) or from 0 to 15 ppt in the case of FF in Nile tilapia (27).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Combined Effects of Temperature and Salinity on the Pharmacokinetics of Florfenicol in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Reared in Brackish Water

et al. 2022

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Prudent antimicrobial use requires knowledge of pharmacokinetics (PK) in a specific fish species which in turn depends on water temperature and salinity. Although the influence of each individual factor is known, the combined effect is less clear. The objective of the current study was to investigate the effect of temperature and salinity concurrently on the PK of florfenicol (FF) in Nile tilapia reared in brackish water. Twenty-eight fish were divided into four groups and kept at one of two temperatures (24 vs. 32°C) and two salinity levels (5 vs. 15 ppt). The FF was administered at a single dose of 15 mg/kg body weight via oral gavage. The serum concentrations were analyzed by HPLC method and the PK parameters were analyzed by a 2-compartmental model. The result revealed that at 32°C, the elimination half-lives (t1/2β), time to reach the peak concentration (Tmax), area under the serum concentration-time curve (AUC), and mean residence time (MRT) were significantly decreased, while the clearance relative to bioavailability (CL/F) significantly increased compared to those at 24°C. The extents of these PK changes were similar at the two salinity levels. On the contrary, increasing the salinity from 5 to 15 ppt at a given temperature level produced no significant change in the PK behavior. Our finding indicated that only water temperature, but not salinity, is the major determinant factor governing the FF fate in the fish body.

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“…However, unlike the present results, where signi cant changes to microbial function were predicted, the results of Brumlow et al [47] indicated that the biochemical functions of microbiota were mostly reestablished after the 8 day recovery. Flumequine is a highly persistent antibiotic and it can take several weeks to be fully depleted from the blood and tissues of sh [48,49]. This antibiotic has a slower depletion rate in the skin than in muscle or liver, and can be present in the skin 20 days after oral administration [50].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring disease and antibiotic treatment in the skin microbiota of farmed seabass fingerlings

Rosado¹,

Pérez‐Losada²,

Severino

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The microbiota of fish skin is the primary barrier against disease; however, it is highly dynamic being modulated by several factors. In fish aquaculture, disease outbreaks occur mainly during early-life stages with high associated losses. Antibiotic treatments sometimes remain as the best option to control bacterial diseases, despite many reported negative impacts of its use on fish and associated microbiota. Notwithstanding, studies monitoring the effects of disease and antibiotic treatment on the microbiota of fingerlings are scarce. We used a 16S rRNA metataxonomic approach to assess the impact of a mixed infection with Photobacterium damselae ssp. piscicida and Vibrio harveyi and subsequent antibiotic treatment with flumequine, on the skin microbiota of farmed seabass Dicentrarchus labrax fingerlings. Both disease and antibiotic treatment led to a significant increase in bacterial diversity and core microbial communities and impacted microbial structure. Dysbiosis was confirmed by changes in the abundance of potential pathogenic and opportunistic bacterial taxa. Skin bacterial metabolic function was also significantly affected by flumequine administration, suggesting a detriment to fish skin health. Our results add to an increasing body of literature, showing how fish microbiome response to disease and antibiotics is not easily predicted.

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Flumequine in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar: disposition in fish held in sea water versus fresh water

Cited by 16 publications

References 22 publications

Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of flumequine in blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) after intravascular and oral administrations

Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of flumequine in blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) after intravascular and oral administrations

Combined Effects of Temperature and Salinity on the Pharmacokinetics of Florfenicol in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Reared in Brackish Water

Monitoring disease and antibiotic treatment in the skin microbiota of farmed seabass fingerlings

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