Fluorescein Staining of the Cornea

Holland, Malvern C.

doi:10.1001/jama.1964.03060270087025

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Notably, two weeks after cessation of therapy, the beneficial effects of CF101 with respect to corneal staining were diminished. The corneal staining reflects defects on the ocular surface that led to infection, inflammation, scarring and visual acuity, 26,27 thus suggesting that a longer treatment period may impact on additional manifestations of dry eye syndrome and could improve DESS, as well. The time-dependent improvement of this objective measure of corneal integrity, coupled with the rebound of the disease within 2 weeks after the discontinuation of treatment, strongly suggest that CF101 is exerting an anti-inflammatory effect at the ocular surface.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of Dry Eye Syndrome with Orally Administered CF101

Avni¹,

Garzozi²,

Barequet³

et al. 2010

Ophthalmology

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Objective To explore the safety and efficacy of CF101, an A3 adenosine receptor agonist, in patients with moderate-to-severe dry eye syndrome Design Phase 2, multicenter, randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study. Participants 68 patients completed the study, 35 patients in the placebo group and 33 patients in the CF101 group. Intervention Patients were orally treated with either 1 mg CF101 pills or matching vehicle-filled placebo pills, given twice daily for 12 weeks, followed by a 2-week post-treatment observation. Main Outcome Measures Efficacy an improvement of >25% over baseline at week 12 in one of the following parameters: (a) tear break-up time (BUT); (b) superficial punctate keratitis assessed by fluorescein staining (FS); (c) Schirmer tear test 1 (ST1). Safety clinical laboratory safety tests, ophthalmic examinations, intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements, electrocardiographic evaluations, vital sign measurements and monitoring of adverse events. Results A statistically significant increase in the proportion of patients who achieved more than 25% improvement in the corneal staining and in the clearance of corneal staining was noted between the CF101-treated group and the placebo group. Treatment with CF101 resulted in a statistically significant improvement in the mean change from baseline at week 12 of the corneal staining, BUT, and tear meniscus (TM) height in the CF101-treated group CF101 was well tolerated and exhibited an excellent safety profile with no serious adverse events. A statistically significant decrease from baseline was observed in the IOP of the CF101-treated group in comparison with the placebo group. Conclusions CF101, given orally, induced a statistically significant improvement in the corneal staining and an improvement in the BUT and TM in patients with moderate-to-severe dry eye syndrome. The drug was very well tolerated. These data and the anti-inflammatory characteristic of CF101 support further study of the drug as a potential treatment for the signs and symptoms of dry eye syndrome.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of Dry Eye Syndrome with Orally Administered CF101

Avni¹,

Garzozi²,

Barequet³

et al. 2010

Ophthalmology

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“…The traditional staining method of the cornea after wetting with 1% sodium fluorescein strip is followed here as well. [ 10 ] C-BLU filter is mounted onto the smartphone and the blue lens aligned in front of the flashlight using the hand-screw. The basic principle of C-BLU is that the blue lens ensures the passage of blue light with a wavelength in the range 450–490 nm while filtering out other wavelengths when the flashlight is switched on [ Fig.…”

Section: Innovationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cobalt blue light unit filter - A smartphone attachment for blue light photography

Puthalath

Gupta

Samanta

et al. 2021

Indian Journal of Ophthalmology

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Purpose: The aim of this study was to carry out blue light photography of fluorescein-stained corneas using a novel smartphone attachment. Methods: A smartphone attachment known as the cobalt blue light unit (C-BLU) was developed. It can filter out all wavelengths of light except the blue light emerging from the flashlight of a smartphone. A pilot study was carried out wherein the images captured with the C-BLU system were compared with slit-lamp photographs of the same patients. This setup was then used to photo document fluorescein-stained corneas in various clinical settings assembled at point-of-care. Results: Many pathologies of the fluorescein-stained cornea were captured using the C-BLU filter. It was used effectively in various settings (remote eye camps, intensive care units (ICU), pediatric group, corneal trauma triaging, etc.). C-BLU was assembled and used by optometrists and ophthalmology residents. The images captured were used for documenting, assisting in the treatment, and also for telecommunication of the patients’ findings. Conclusion: C-BLU is a low-cost pocket-size filter which is easy to use with a modern smartphone without any technical expertise needed to obtain a clear image of fluorescein-stained pathological corneas.

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“…Clinically, the cornea epithelium can be assessed by the use of fluorescein stain, 4 which is applied to the ocular surface and indicates areas of increased permeability in corneal epithelium and cellular damage. This test is simple to perform and is very useful in assessing diseases such as dry eye disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Contrast Microscopic Optical Coherence Tomography As a Novel Method for Assessing Corneal Epithelium During Exposure to Benzalkonium Chloride

Musial

Kohlfaerber

Ahrens

et al. 2022

Trans. Vis. Sci. Tech.

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Purpose Microscopic optical coherence tomography (mOCT) has an imaging resolution of 1 µm in all voxel dimensions, but individual epithelial cells are difficult to resolve due to lack of scattering contrast. Adding dynamic contrast processing to mOCT (dmOCT) results in color images that enable visualization of individual cells and possibly give information on cellular function via the calculation of a motility coefficient. We propose this technique as a novel method of evaluating the ocular surface after exposure to a toxic chemical, benzalkonium chloride (BAK). Methods Ex vivo cross-section images were acquired with a custom-built, frequency-domain mOCT system. Eyes were explanted from healthy adult C57BL/6 mice and imaged every 30 minutes with five sets of dmOCT scans at each imaging time. Total epithelium and stroma thicknesses were measured from a single mOCT B-scan, and measures of color changes (hue) and the motility coefficient were acquired from dmOCT scans. Results After 30-minute exposures to 0.005% BAK, local motility decreased and total epithelium thickness increased compared to controls. For basal epithelium cells, local motility decreased after 60-minute exposures, and the hue shifted red after 90-minute exposures. Stroma thickness did not significantly swell until 150-minute exposures to BAK. Conclusions dmOCT allows us to view the behavior of the cornea epithelium under toxic stress due to BAK, revealing parallel swelling of the extracellular matrix and changes in local subcellular motion. Translational Relevance The evaluation of the cornea epithelium using dmOCT is helpful to our understanding of the toxic effects of BAK.

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Fluorescein Staining of the Cornea

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Treatment of Dry Eye Syndrome with Orally Administered CF101

Treatment of Dry Eye Syndrome with Orally Administered CF101

Cobalt blue light unit filter - A smartphone attachment for blue light photography

Dynamic Contrast Microscopic Optical Coherence Tomography As a Novel Method for Assessing Corneal Epithelium During Exposure to Benzalkonium Chloride

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