Fluorescence-Based Biosensors

Strianese, Maria; Staiano, Maria; Ruggiero, Giuseppe; Labella, Tullio; Pellecchia, Claudio; D’Auria, Sabato

doi:10.1007/978-1-61779-806-1_9

Cited by 77 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Fluorescence is a process with a short life-span of luminescence generated due to the creation of electromagnetic excitation upon a material absorbing higher light energy and consecutively, emitting lower light energy, i.e., at a shorter and longer wavelengths, respectively [88][89][90]. In fluorescence, duration from the absorption till emission phenomena is within just a fraction of a second, ranging from 10 −9 to 10 −8 s. [91].…”

Section: Fluorescence-based Gqd Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Applications of Graphene Quantum Dots in Biomedical Sensors

Mansuriya

Altıntaş

2020

Sensors

190

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Due to the proliferative cancer rates, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, autoimmune diseases and a plethora of infections across the globe, it is essential to introduce strategies that can rapidly and specifically detect the ultralow concentrations of relevant biomarkers, pathogens, toxins and pharmaceuticals in biological matrices. Considering these pathophysiologies, various research works have become necessary to fabricate biosensors for their early diagnosis and treatment, using nanomaterials like quantum dots (QDs). These nanomaterials effectively ameliorate the sensor performance with respect to their reproducibility, selectivity as well as sensitivity. In particular, graphene quantum dots (GQDs), which are ideally graphene fragments of nanometer size, constitute discrete features such as acting as attractive fluorophores and excellent electro-catalysts owing to their photo-stability, water-solubility, biocompatibility, non-toxicity and lucrativeness that make them favorable candidates for a wide range of novel biomedical applications. Herein, we reviewed about 300 biomedical studies reported over the last five years which entail the state of art as well as some pioneering ideas with respect to the prominent role of GQDs, especially in the development of optical, electrochemical and photoelectrochemical biosensors. Additionally, we outline the ideal properties of GQDs, their eclectic methods of synthesis, and the general principle behind several biosensing techniques.

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Section: Fluorescence-based Gqd Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is one of the types of luminescence, which is promoted by photoexcitation. In other words, it is a process of photons that excite electrons to a higher energy level in an atom [89,90]. The working principle behind PL sensors resembles that of fluorescence-based sensors.…”

Section: Photoluminescence-based Gqd-sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of Graphene Quantum Dots in Biomedical Sensors

Mansuriya

Altıntaş

2020

Sensors

190

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“…Fluorescence immunoassay is by far the dominant analytical approach in biomedical engineering on account of its outstanding versatility and signal enhancement ability (Strianese et al, 2012). Nanomaterials have promoted the efficiency of fluorescence assay because nanomaterials have good solubility, low toxicity, and high binding affinity of biomolecules, which can couple with various intensive fluorescence materials for amplification (e.g., Horseradish Peroxidase) (Yeh et al, 2010;Lu et al, 2017).…”

Section: Fluorescence Immunoassaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoscale Technologies in Highly Sensitive Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Diseases

Shi

Yang

et al. 2020

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death and morbidity in the world and are a major contributor to healthcare costs. Although enormous progress has been made in diagnosing CVD, there is an urgent need for more efficient early detection and the development of novel diagnostic tools. Currently, CVD diagnosis relies primarily on clinical symptoms based on molecular imaging (MOI) or biomarkers associated with CVDs. However, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the assay are still challenging for early-stage CVDs. Nanomaterial platform has been identified as a promising candidate for improving the practical usage of diagnostic tools because of their unique physicochemical properties. In this review article, we introduced cardiac biomarkers and imaging techniques that are currently used for CVD diagnosis. We presented the applications of various nanotechnologies on diagnosis within cardiac immunoassays (CIAs) and molecular imaging. We also summarized and compared different cardiac immunoassays based on their sensitivities and working ranges of biomarkers.

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“…Detection techniques involving fluorescence spectroscopy is highly sensitive, rapid and simple to employ. 14 This technique is already being used for environmental and bio applications in terms of sensing precious metal ions 15 , explosives 16 , hazardous gas molecules 17 , cancer biomarkers, cells, and tissues. 13 While other methods and techniques are limited by the cost, time and sample handling, the ubiquitous use of fluorescence techniques in a wide range of industries and applications make their application to environmental pollutant detection plausible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%