“…The first include laser ablation (Li et al, 2004;Beard et al, 2007;Vendamani et al, 2015;Xin et al, 2017) and non-thermal plasma synthesis (Cheng et al, 2010;Yasar-Inceoglu et al, 2012;Liu et al, 2016). The second include electrochemical etching (Sato et al, 2009;Castaldo et al, 2014;Chen et al, 2019), reduction of silicon halides (Tilley and Yamamoto, 2006;Cheng et al, 2012;Choi et al, 2014;Sacarescu et al, 2016), thermal destruction of silicon-rich oxides (Hessel et al, 2007(Hessel et al, , 2011, hydrothermal decomposition of different Si-contained organic precursors (Lopez-Delgado et al, 2017;Liu et al, 2018b;Phan et al, 2018;Yi et al, 2019), oxidation of sodium silicide or Zintl monoclinic phase (Na 4 Si 4 ) (Neiner et al, 2006;Atkins et al, 2011;Beekman et al, 2019), mechanochemistry (Chaudhary et al, 2014), processing porous silicon , and others (Holmes et al, 2001;Dasog et al, 2012).…”