Fluorescence in degraded poly(vinyl chloride)

James, Charlotte E.; Poller, R. C.

doi:10.1016/0014-3057(86)90013-3

Cited by 9 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 8 publications

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“…1), the emission spectrum before degradation showed a band at 310 nm that has been attributed either to build-up of short polyenes sequences 37 or to carbonyl groups present in the starting material, residues of catalysts. According to Rabek et al, 38 this emission band is ascribed to different carbonyl group impurities that are impossible to remove, indicating that they are permanently attached to the PVC.…”

Section: Fluorescence Studiesmentioning

confidence: 97%

New insights into the degradation mechanism of poly(vinyl chloride), part II. Limited polyene sequence length during degradation and synergism between costabilizers

Santamaría

Edge

Allen

et al. 2004

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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ABSTRACT:Fluorescence spectroscopy has shown that the limited sequence length exhibited during the thermal degradation of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) was the result of an HCl readdition/splitting off equilibrium, especially in unstabilized PVC formulations. In the case of stabilized PVC, the type and mechanistic action of the stabilisers seemed to play an important role in HCl re-addition. The possibility of a synergistic effect taking place between costabilisers for PVC, namely N-phenyl-3-acetyl pyrrolidine-2,4-dione (P24D) and its derivative N-isopropyl-n-phenyl-3-(1-iminoethyl) pyrrolidine-2,4-dione (P24D-d) has also been investigated by means of statistical design, degrading the samples at 170°C in air and measuring the induction time (T i ) of the degraded polymer. The results reveal that the stabilising efficiency is not only affected by the presence of the metal soap, but also by the nature of the substituents in the P24D derivatives. It may be concluded that P24D-d on degradation operates as a "reservoir" for P24D, extending the T i to higher values compared to their individual performances and giving rise to a synergistic combination. The ability of the costabiliser to form a keto-enol tautomerism as well as its ability to interact with the PVC and the metal soap play a crucial role in controlling their stabilising effectiveness in the polymer.

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Section: Fluorescence Studiesmentioning

confidence: 97%

New insights into the degradation mechanism of poly(vinyl chloride), part II. Limited polyene sequence length during degradation and synergism between costabilizers

Santamaría

Edge

Allen

et al. 2004

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Acceleration and Inhibition Effect of Tertiary Amines on Thermal Degradation of Poly(Vinyl Chloride)

Kato

Sudo

2019

Vinyl Additive Technology

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Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) is occasionally discolored yellow or red by the formation of polyene chains in the polymer backbone. It has been noted that the formation of such polyene structures is caused by dehydrochlorination of the PVC, accelerated by tertiary amines. Thus, in the present study, we investigated the influence of amines on the formation of polyene structures in PVC, using resonance Raman spectroscopy. The amount of polyene produced by thermal treatment with amine vapor exposure was determined based on the resonance Raman intensity ratio of the polyene band to the PVC band. The results showed that the discoloration of PVC, indicating the formation of polyene structures, was most prominently caused by 1,4‐diazabicyclo[2.2.2.]octane (DABCO), bis(2‐dimethylaminoethyl)ether (BDMEE), or N,N,N′,N′‐tetramethyl‐1,6‐diaminohexane (TMDAH), because of their high basicity and nucleophilicity. In addition, the formation of polyene structures was inhibited by the co‐presence of amine and protic solvent (water, ethanol, and 2‐propanol) or additives containing hydroxyl groups (glycerin, poly[vinyl alcohol]), suggesting that amine nucleophilicity toward PVC is reduced by the protonation of amine to lone pairs of tertiary amines. J. VINYL ADDIT. TECHNOL., 26:253–258, 2020. © 2019 Society of Plastics Engineers

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The photophysical behaviour of blends of poly(vinyl chloride) with the terpolymer of acrylonitrile, butadiene and styrene

Pandey

Kulshreshtha

1988

European Polymer Journal

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Fluorescence in degraded poly(vinyl chloride)

Cited by 9 publications

References 8 publications

New insights into the degradation mechanism of poly(vinyl chloride), part II. Limited polyene sequence length during degradation and synergism between costabilizers

New insights into the degradation mechanism of poly(vinyl chloride), part II. Limited polyene sequence length during degradation and synergism between costabilizers

Acceleration and Inhibition Effect of Tertiary Amines on Thermal Degradation of Poly(Vinyl Chloride)

The photophysical behaviour of blends of poly(vinyl chloride) with the terpolymer of acrylonitrile, butadiene and styrene

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