Fluorescence of Bacteria, Pollens, and Naturally Occurring Airborne Particles: Excitation/Emission Spectra

Hill, Steven C.; Mayo, Michael W.; Chang, Richard K.

doi:10.21236/ada494347

Cited by 51 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…One example of this effect of the local environment is that the EEM from different biological materials are not necessarily the same in a dried aerosol as in solution, because the aerosols are often dry or somewhat dry (e.g., [32]). Fig.…”

Section: Fluorescent Molecules and Their Excitation-emission Matrix (mentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection and characterization of biological and other organic-carbon aerosol particles in atmosphere using fluorescence

Pan

2015

Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer

121

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a b s t r a c tThis paper offers a brief review on the detection and characterization of biological and other organic-carbon (OC) aerosol particles in atmosphere using laser-induced-fluorescence (LIF) signatures. It focuses on single individual particles or aggregates in the micron and supermicron size range when they are successively drawn through the interrogation volume of a point detection system. Related technologies for these systems that have been developed in last two decades are also discussed. These results should provide a complementary view for studying atmospheric aerosol particles, particularly bioaerosol and OC aerosol particles from other analytical technologies.Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/).

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Section: Fluorescent Molecules and Their Excitation-emission Matrix (mentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection and characterization of biological and other organic-carbon aerosol particles in atmosphere using fluorescence

Pan

2015

Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer

121

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“…Strong tryptophan and weaker NADH peaks are frequently seen in bacteria fluorescence spectra (Hill et al, 2009), and N TRY would likely be larger if bacteria dominated the fluorescent aerosol. The relationship between N NADH and N TRY is also inconsistent with previous PBA measurements using the WIBS-3, both published and unpublished, where positive correlation was observed even when N NADH and N TRY differed significantly.…”

Section: The Nature Of the N Nadh Diurnal Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

Observations of fluorescent and biological aerosol at a high-altitude site in central France

et al. 2013

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Total bacteria, fungal spore and yeast counts were compared with ultraviolet-light-induced fluorescence (UV-LIF) measurements of ambient aerosol at the summit of the Puy de Dôme (PdD) mountain in central France (1465 m a.s.l), which represents a background elevated site. Bacteria, fungal spores and yeast were enumerated by epifluorescence microscopy (EFM) and found to number 2.2 to 23 L⁻¹ and 0.8 to 2 L⁻¹, respectively. Bacteria counts on two successive nights were an order of magnitude larger than in the intervening day.

A wide issue bioaerosol spectrometer, version 3 (WIBS-3) was used to perform UV-LIF measurements on ambient aerosol sized 0.8 to 20 μm. Mean total number concentration was 270 L⁻¹ (σ = 66 L⁻¹), found predominantly in a size mode at 2 μm for most of the campaign. Total concentration (fluorescent + non-fluorescent aerosol) peaked at 500 L⁻¹ with a size mode at 1 μm because of a change in air mass origin lasting around 48 h. The WIBS-3 features two excitation and fluorescence detection wavelengths corresponding to different biological molecules, although non-biological interferents also contribute. The mean fluorescent particle concentration after short-wave (280 nm; associated with tryptophan) excitation was 12 L⁻¹ (σ = 6 L⁻¹), and did not vary much throughout the campaign. In contrast, the mean concentration of particles fluorescent after long-wave (370 nm; associated with NADH) excitation was 95 L⁻¹ (σ = 25 L⁻¹), and a nightly rise and subsequent fall of up to 100 L⁻¹ formed a strong diurnal cycle in the latter. The two fluorescent populations exhibited size modes at 3 μm and 2 to 3 μm, respectively. A hierarchical agglomerative cluster analysis algorithm was applied to the data and used to extract different particle factors. A cluster concentration time series representative of bacteria was identified. This was found to exhibit a diurnal cycle with a maximum peak appearing during the day.

Analysis of organic mass spectra recorded using an aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS; Aerodyne Inc.) suggests that aerosol reaching the site at night was more aged than that during the day, indicative of sampling the residual layer at night. Supplementary meteorological data and previous work also show that PdD lies in the residual layer/free troposphere at night, and this is thought to cause the observed diurnal cycles in organic-type and fluorescent aerosol particles.

Based on the observed disparity between bacteria and fluorescent particle concentrations, fluorescent non-PBA is likely to be important in the WIBS-3 data and the surprisingly high fluorescent concentration in the residual layer/free troposphere raises questions about a ubiquitous background in continental air during the summer

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“…Laser induced fluorescence (LIF) based instruments are modern, easy-to-use tools for real-time bioaerosol detection (e.g., Hill et al, 1995;Pinnick et al, 1995;Ho, 2002;Jeys et al, 2007;Pöhlker et al, 2012). The LIF technique is an effective method for detecting biological molecules such as tryptophan, NADH and flavins that are present in microbe cells (Lakowicz, 2006;Hill et al, 2009). Saari et al (2013) demonstrated that bacterial and fungal spores may be distinguished from each other through their dissimilar fluorescence spectra.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal and Diurnal Variations of Fluorescent Bioaerosol Concentration and Size Distribution in the Urban Environment

Saari

Niemi

Rönkkö

et al. 2015

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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A recently introduced fluorescence based real-time bioaerosol instrument, BioScout, and an ultraviolet aerodynamic particle sizer (UVAPS) were used to study fluorescent bioaerosol particles (FBAP) in the Helsinki metropolitan area, Finland, during winter and summer. Two FBAP modes at 0.5-1.5 µm (fine) and 1.5-5 µm (coarse) were detected during the summer, whereas the fine mode dominated in the winter. The concentration and proportion of the coarse FBAP was high in summer (0.028 #/cm 3 , 23%) and low in winter (0.010 #/cm 3 , 6%). Snow cover and low biological activity were assumed to be the main reasons for the low coarse FBAP concentration in the wintertime. Both the fine and the coarse FBAP fraction typically increased at nighttime during the summer. Correlations between the BioScout and the UVAPS were high with the coarse (R = 0.83) and fine (R = 0.92) FBAP. The BioScout showed 2.6 and 9.7 times higher detection efficiencies for the coarse and fine FBAP, respectively, compared to the UVAPS. A long-range transport episode of particles from Eastern Europe increased the fine FBAP concentration by over two orders of magnitude compared to the clean period in the winter, but these FBAP probably also included fluorescent non-biological particles. Correlation analysis indicates that local combustion sources did not generate fluorescent non-biological particles that can disturb fine FBAP counting. The results provide information that can be used to estimate health risks and climatic relevance of bioaerosols in the urban environment.

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Fluorescence of Bacteria, Pollens, and Naturally Occurring Airborne Particles: Excitation/Emission Spectra

Cited by 51 publications

References 62 publications

Detection and characterization of biological and other organic-carbon aerosol particles in atmosphere using fluorescence

Detection and characterization of biological and other organic-carbon aerosol particles in atmosphere using fluorescence

Observations of fluorescent and biological aerosol at a high-altitude site in central France

Seasonal and Diurnal Variations of Fluorescent Bioaerosol Concentration and Size Distribution in the Urban Environment

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