Fluorescence of chlorophyll pigment in leaves of soft winter wheat annual at different stages of organogenesis

Abstract

The purpose. Study of physiological state of soft winter wheat at different stages of organogenesis by determination of amount and activity of chlorophyll pigment in probed plants and response of these cultivars to conditions of overwintering. Methods. The method is used of photoinduction of fluorescence of chlorophyll pigment which enables in field conditions to determine amount of chlorophyll pigment and photosynthetic rate of 7 cultivars of soft winter wheat. Results. The essential variance in amount and activity of chlorophyll pigment between cultivars at different stages of organogenesis is determined. The opportunity of estimation of winter-hardiness by means of method of induction of fluorescence of chlorophyll pigment is shown. Key words: fluorescence of chlorophyll pigment, photosynthesis, high quality variance, winter-hardiness.One of the modern and informative methods for determining the impact of environmental factors and physiological condition of agricultural crops is the use of a chlorophyll fluorescence analysis. Due to the fact that biochemical reactions causing photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence are the main channels of conversion synthesized by absorbing light energy and transfer it to the photosynthetic reaction centers, rapid diagnosis of the physiological condition of plants makes it possible to obtain important information about the photosynthetic apparatus of plants [1].The principle underlying the chlorophyll fluorescence analysis is relatively simple. Light energy absorbed by the molecules of chlorophyll in the leaves, can go one of three ways: to be used for photosynthesis (photochemistry), the excess energy can be dissipated as heat, or may re-emitted as fluorescence of chlorophyll. These three processes are in competition, any increase in efficiency will reduce one out of two others. Thus, by measuring chlorophyll fluorescence output can be obtained information about changes in the photochemistry efficiency and heat dissipation. Although the total amount of chlorophyll fluorescence is very small (only 1 -2% of the absorbed light), measure it quite easily. Fluorescence spectrum different from the absorbed light with a peak fluorescence emission of longer wavelength than absorption. Thus, the yield of fluorescence can be quantified by lighting a leaf with light of a certain wavelength and measuring the amount of reflected light [2,3,4].In most research to measure parameters of photosynthesis plants use indicator of rapid fluorescence, scilicet of energy, which is not entered in the response of photosynthesis and is not passed in the heat after absorbing a photon cell [5]. The dependence of the fluorescence of time after the start of lighting called chlorophyll fluorescence induction curve (IFH) or induction curve [6,7].Photosynthesis -the process that provides the cell energy, so saving photosynthetic activity in terms of physiological stress in many cases determines the resistance of plants to adverse environmental factors. The focus of research was aimed at studying plant re...

Effect of Cameraria ohridella feeding on Aesculus hippocastanum photosynthesis

“…We have shown that with the caterpillar development (during all 5 of its generations), a gradual decrease in the values of all the main indicators (F о , F m , F p and F St ) is observed, which affects the general physiological state of the leaf on which the C. ohridella mine is located. To characterize the photosynthetic apparatus under stress at the leaf level during the quick stage, the ratio of variable fluorescence F v to the maximum F m level is often used, which is considered an indicator of potential photosynthetic activity in the leaf (Starychenko et al, 2016;Tseng & Chu, 2017;Scognamiglio et al, 2019). Fluorescence variability (F v ) is calculated as the difference between F m and F o values and it is a physiological indicator that reflects the influence of environmental and experimental factors on the plant (Alonso et al, 2017;Chitband et al, 2017;Huliaieva et al, 2018).…”

Assessment of the impact of horse-chestnut leaf miner (Cameraria ohridella Deschka & Dimič, 1986) on photosynthesis of common horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum Linnaeus, 1753)

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Adaptation of gooseberry varieties to the changed agro-climatic conditions of Kyiv Polissia

“…The analysis of scientific literature showed that the study of the characteristics of the photosynthetic apparatus of wild and agricultural plants has been carried out by many scientists. Oleksiychenko et al (2013), Vasylenko (2015), Starychenko (2016), Shepeliuk et al (2017), Mamonova et al (2018) studied the functional state of the pigment complex of the leaf apparatus of woody plants using the method of induction of chlorophyll fluorescence. Zelenyanska (2009) investigated the induction of chlorophyll fluorescence in the leaves of grape seedlings to determine their resistance to high air temperatures.…”