“…26,169,170 Metal ions that are widely used to fabricate MOF include Fe 3+ , Cu 2+ , Ca 2+ , Al 3+ , Mg 2+ , Zn 2+ , Cd 2+ , Co 2+ , Zr 2+ , Ln 3+ and Ti 3+ , which can have different coordination geometries such as diagonal, pyramidal, square, tetrahedral and octahedral. [171][172][173][174][175][176][177][178][179][180][181][182] Metal ions such as Co 2+ and Cd 2+ or Eu 3+ and Ag + are known to be toxic or expensive but are still crucial for studying their participation in MOF fabrication and applications. [183][184][185][186][187] Linkers such as melamine, carboxylates, 4,4 ′ -biphenyldicarboxylic acids, 1,4-naphthalene dicarboxylic acids, and aliphatic polycarboxylates are regarded as the main components to synthesize MOFs.…”