Fluorescence turn-on chemodosimetric sensing of cyanide by cyanovinylterpyridine modified phthalonitrile and subphthalocyanine

Recent advances in subphthalocyanines and related subporphyrinoids

“…chlorobenzene, 13 o -dichlorobenzene, 14,15 or 1-chloronaphthalene 16 ). 11 SubPcs synthesis has also been carried out by addition of a 1 M solution of BCl 3 in heptanes 17–19 or dichloromethane 20–27 to a solution of the starting phthalonitrile in a high-boiling solvent such as p -xylene, 22,24 1-chloronaphthalene, 18 o -dichlorobenzene, 17,19,21,23,25,26 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 20 or dimethyl sulfoxide. 11,27 Microwave irradiation has also been employed for SubPc preparation.…”

“…11 SubPcs synthesis has also been carried out by addition of a 1 M solution of BCl 3 in heptanes 17–19 or dichloromethane 20–27 to a solution of the starting phthalonitrile in a high-boiling solvent such as p -xylene, 22,24 1-chloronaphthalene, 18 o -dichlorobenzene, 17,19,21,23,25,26 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 20 or dimethyl sulfoxide. 11,27 Microwave irradiation has also been employed for SubPc preparation. 28,29 In this case, a heptane solution of BCl 3 was used in the presence of 1-chloronaphthalene or o -dichlorobenzene as the co-solvent.…”

“…In particular, they have proven to be particularly useful in the detection of fluorine 504 and cyanide ions. 27,505,506 In addition, it has been theoretically predicted that SubPcs could be effective for the detection of I − , Br − , and BF 4 − ions. 507 SubPcs have also been successfully employed for the analysis of red wines, 25 the determination of catechin in tea extracts, 140 the assay of acetylsalicylic acid in the drug Cardiomagnyl, 508 and for the sensing of pesticides.…”

Synthesis, Optical Properties, and Fluorescence Cell Imaging of Novel Mixed Fluorinated Subphthalocyanines

“…In contrast to Pcs, the smaller central cavity of SubPcs is occupied by a tetrahedral boron atom and has an axial substituent, making them more polar and less aggregative [ 2 , 3 , 4 ]. In addition, a smaller π-electron conjugated system and cone structure make SubPcs possess excellent optical and electrochemical properties, which have been explored and applied in various fields, such as organic photovoltaics (OPVs) [ 5 , 6 ], photodynamic therapy (PDT) photosensitizers [ 7 , 8 , 9 ], and fluorescent ion probes [ 10 , 11 , 12 ]. Based on these structure–property relationships, the properties of SubPcs can be easily modified by peripheral substitution, axial replacement [ 13 , 14 ], or inner core modification [ 15 , 16 ].…”