Fluorescent carbon dots tailored iron oxide nano hybrid system for in vivo optical imaging of liver fibrosis

Nazeer, Shaiju S.; Saraswathy, Ariya; Nimi, Nirmala; Sarathkumar, Elangovan; Resmi, A.N.; Shenoy, Sachin J.; Jayasree, Ramapurath S.

doi:10.1088/2050-6120/acc009

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…Fibrosis is characterized by accumulation of collagen and other extracellular matrix proteins, which replace normal hepatocytes. This alters the relative concentrations of proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and other chemicals [43]. Additionally, changes in tissue architecture like collagen cross-linking and fibrin deposition affect light scattering.…”

Section: Near-infrared Spectroscopy For Assessing Liver Fibrosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Insights into Fibrotic Livers: Applications of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Machine Learning

Addissouky,

El Sayed,

Ali

et al. 2024

Arch Gastroenterol Res

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Background: Liver fibrosis staging is critical for patient selection and management prior to transplantation, but biopsy is invasive and serum biomarkers lack accuracy. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is an emerging non-invasive technology that can detect liver fibrosis via changes in tissue composition. Machine learning (ML) enables analysis of NIRS data for diagnostic modeling. Purpose: To review the potential of NIRS-ML approaches for rapid, point-of-care liver fibrosis detection, including technological principles, promising applications, current limitations, and future directions. Main body of the abstract: NIRS leverages unique near-infrared absorbance patterns reflecting collagen accumulation, lipid reduction, and other chemical alterations in fibrotic liver. Handheld/hyperspectral systems acquire tissue spectroscopic data in minutes. Multiple human studies correlate NIRS with histological fibrosis scores. ML techniques like partial least squares regression, neural networks, support vector machines, and random forests analyze spectra to develop optimized diagnostic algorithms. Initial models differentiate mild versus advanced fibrosis and stage cirrhosis with high accuracy, outperforming traditional biomarkers. Recent advances include smartphone-based scanning, cloud computing, and integrated user-friendly platforms. However, further large validation trials, standardization, assessment of confounding factors, improved ML methodology, and cost-effectiveness data are required before widespread clinical implementation. Conclusion: With ongoing research to address remaining barriers, NIRS-ML approaches hold great disruptive potential for rapid, non-invasive point-of-care quantification of liver fibrosis, including optimizing transplant surgery planning and management.

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Section: Near-infrared Spectroscopy For Assessing Liver Fibrosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Insights into Fibrotic Livers: Applications of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Machine Learning

Addissouky,

El Sayed,

Ali

et al. 2024

Arch Gastroenterol Res

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“…The influence of a magnetic field can also increase temperature generation by such nanoparticles, which is called magnetic hyperthermia. Since iron oxide nanoparticles absorb in the NIR region, irradiating them with a proper source will produce heat, which makes them suitable for theranostic purposes [ 32 , 42 – 43 ].…”

Section: Photothermal Nanomaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoarchitectonics of photothermal materials to enhance the sensitivity of lateral flow assays

Sarathkumar,

Anjana,

Jayasree

2023

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol.

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Lateral flow assays (LFAs) are currently the most widely used point-of-care testing technique with remarkable advantages such as simple operation, rapid analysis, portability, and low cost. Traditionally, gold nanoparticles are employed as tracer element in LFAs due to their strong localised surface plasmon resonance. However, this conventional LFA technique based on colorimetric analysis is neither useful to determine critical analytes with desired sensitivity, nor can it quantify the analytes. Various signal amplification strategies have been proposed to improve the sensitivity and the quantitative determination of analytes using LFAs. One of the promising strategies is to enhance the photothermal properties of nanomaterials to generate heat after light irradiation, followed by a temperature measurement to detect and quantify the analyte concentration. Recently, it has been observed that the nanoscale architecture of materials, including size, shape, and nanoscale composition, plays a significant role in enhancing the photothermal properties of nanomaterials. In this review, we discuss the nanoarchitectonics of nanomaterials regarding enhanced photothermal properties and their application in LFAs. Initially, we discuss various important photothermal materials and their classification along with their working principle. Then, we highlight important aspects of the nanoscale architecture (i.e., size, shape, and composition) to enable maximum light-to-heat conversion efficiency. Finally, we discuss some of the recent advances in photothermal LFAs and their application in detecting analytes.

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Effect of Polymer and Cell Membrane Coatings on Theranostic Applications of Nanoparticles: A Review

Rezaei,

Harun,

et al. 2024

Adv Healthcare Materials

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The recent decade has witnessed a remarkable surge in the field of nanoparticles, from their synthesis, characterization, and functionalization to diverse applications. At the nanoscale, these particles exhibit distinct physicochemical properties compared to their bulk counterparts, enabling a multitude of applications spanning energy, catalysis, environmental remediation, biomedicine, and beyond. This review focuses on specific nanoparticle categories, including magnetic, gold, silver, and quantum dots (QDs), as well as hybrid variants, specifically tailored for biomedical applications. A comprehensive review and comparison of prevalent chemical, physical, and biological synthesis methods are presented. To enhance biocompatibility and colloidal stability, and facilitate surface modification and cargo/agent loading, nanoparticle surfaces are coated with different synthetic polymers and very recently, cell membrane coatings. The utilization of polymer‐ or cell membrane‐coated nanoparticles opens a wide variety of biomedical applications such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), hyperthermia, photothermia, sample enrichment, bioassays, drug delivery, etc. With this review, the goal is to provide a comprehensive toolbox of insights into polymer or cell membrane‐coated nanoparticles and their biomedical applications, while also addressing the challenges involved in translating such nanoparticles from laboratory benchtops to in vitro and in vivo applications. Furthermore, perspectives on future trends and developments in this rapidly evolving domain are provided.

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Fluorescent carbon dots tailored iron oxide nano hybrid system for in vivo optical imaging of liver fibrosis

Cited by 3 publications

References 42 publications

Optical Insights into Fibrotic Livers: Applications of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Machine Learning

Optical Insights into Fibrotic Livers: Applications of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Machine Learning

Nanoarchitectonics of photothermal materials to enhance the sensitivity of lateral flow assays

Effect of Polymer and Cell Membrane Coatings on Theranostic Applications of Nanoparticles: A Review

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