Fluorescent dye staining of neuromasts in live fishes: an aid to systematic studies

Nakae, Masanori; Asaoka, Ryu; Wada, Hironori; Sasaki, Kunio

doi:10.1007/s10228-012-0274-2

Cited by 31 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Measurements (in mm) are expressed as standard length (SL). Abbreviations in parentheses in “Specimens Examined” refer to the method of examination: DA, 4‐Di‐2‐ASP treated (neuromasts; Figure ; Nakae, Asaoka, Wada, & Sasaki, ); SB, cleared and nerve stained by Sudan Black B protocol (nerves; Filipski & Wilson, ); CY, stained by Cyanine Blue (scales and lateral line canals). The illustrations and descriptions of canal structures and neuromasts in Cercamia eremia and Pseudamia gelatinosa were based on BSKU 119412 (28.1 mm SL; adult stage, following the definition of Kendall Jr., Ahlstrom, & Moser, ; right side; left side damaged) and BSKU 123521 (61.0 mm SL; adult stage; left side), respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Convergent evolution of the lateral line system in Apogonidae (Teleostei: Percomorpha) determined from innervation

Sato

Nakae

Sasaki

2019

Journal of Morphology

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The lateral line system and its innervation were examined in two species of the family Apogonidae (Cercamia eremia [Apogoninae] and Pseudamia gelatinosa [Pseudamiinae]). Both species were characterized by numerous superficial neuromasts (SNs; total 2,717 in C. eremia; 9,650 in P. gelatinosa), including rows on the dorsal and ventral halves of the trunk, associated with one (in C. eremia) and three (in P. gelatinosa) reduced trunk canals. The pattern of SN innervation clearly demonstrated that the overall pattern of SN distribution had evolved convergently in the two species. In C. eremia, SN rows over the entire trunk were innervated by elongated branches of the dorsal longitudinal collector nerve (DLCN) anteriorly and lateral ramus posteriorly. In P. gelatinosa, the innervation pattern of the DLCN was mirrored on the ventral half of the trunk (ventral longitudinal collector nerve: VLCN). Elongated branches of the DLCN and VLCN innervated SN rows on the dorsal and ventral halves of the trunk, respectively. The reduced trunk canal(s) apparently had no direct relationship with the increase of SNs, because these branches originated deep to the lateral line scales, none innervating canal neuromast (CN) homologues on the surface of the scales. In P. gelatinosa, a CN (or an SN row: CN homologue) occurred on every other one of their small lateral line scales, while congeners (P. hayashii and P. zonata) had an SN row (CN homologue) on every one of their large lateral line scales.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Convergent evolution of the lateral line system in Apogonidae (Teleostei: Percomorpha) determined from innervation

Sato

Nakae

Sasaki

2019

Journal of Morphology

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“…Lateral line nerves were observed on cleared and stained specimens prepared by the Sihler technique (SI; Fraser and Freihofer 1971), with modifications of Nakae and Sasaki (2008), and the Sudan Black protocol (SB; Filipski and Wilson 1984). Neuromasts were observed by 2-Di-4-ASP fluorescence preparation (DA; Nakae et al 2012). The neuromast count was based on a single specimen; the illustration ( Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The trunk lateral line system and its innervation in Mugil cephalus (Mugilidae: Mugiliformes)

et al. 2014

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The trunk lateral line system and its innervation were examined in Mugil cephalus. Almost every scale had an open longitudinal groove that housed a superficial neuromast (SN), the total number of SNs being 550 (including 55 on the caudal fin). Grooved lateral line scales constituted 14 longitudinal rows (14 lateral lines), although each groove was independent, not forming a continuous common groove along adjacent scales. The lateral ramus of the posterior lateral line nerve gave off four characteristic ramules: the anteriormost two dorsal ramules extended strongly backward, innervating SNs on the dorsal surface of the trunk; the anteriormost ventral ramule was extensively ramified to innervate SNs on the anterior flank, passing ventrally in front of the pectoral fin base; and the fifth ventral ramule extended posteriorly close to the anal fin origin, innervating SNs on the ventral half of the middle flank. The remaining SNs were innervated by 29 dorsal, 33 lateral and 25 ventral ramules, excepting those on the caudal fin. The innervation pattern revealed that the sixth lateral line (from uppermost) was homologous with that typically found in teleosts, the others being considered as additional. The sixth lateral line was anteriorly regressive, suggesting that the high insertion of the pectoral fin on the trunk is a secondary condition.

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“…However, we encountered a complication to these studies which is the fact that hair cell fluorescent staining dyes such as 4-Di-2-Asp, as can also be the case with other mitochondrial stains 22 can have a toxic affect on hair cells 23 . This fact required us to use separate groups of fish since repeated staining of the same fish could not be employed.…”

Section: Neuromast Toxicity Is Induced By Prolonged Exposure To Fluormentioning

confidence: 99%

An Assay for Lateral Line Regeneration in Adult Zebrafish

Gina

Mason

Dhliwayo

et al. 2014

JoVE

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Due to the clinical importance of hearing and balance disorders in man, model organisms such as the zebrafish have been used to study lateral line development and regeneration. The zebrafish is particularly attractive for such studies because of its rapid development time and its high regenerative capacity. To date, zebrafish studies of lateral line regeneration have mainly utilized fish of the embryonic and larval stages because of the lower number of neuromasts at these stages. This has made quantitative analysis of lateral line regeneration/and or development easier in the earlier developmental stages. Because many zebrafish models of neurological and non-neurological diseases are studied in the adult fish and not in the embryo/larvae, we focused on developing a quantitative lateral line regenerative assay in adult zebrafish so that an assay was available that could be applied to current adult zebrafish disease models. Building on previous studies by Van Trump et al. 17 that described procedures for ablation of hair cells in adult Mexican blind cave fish and zebrafish (Danio rerio), our assay was designed to allow quantitative comparison between control and experimental groups. This was accomplished by developing a regenerative neuromast standard curve based on the percent of neuromast reappearance over a 24 hr time period following gentamicin-induced necrosis of hair cells in a defined region of the lateral line. The assay was also designed to allow extension of the analysis to the individual hair cell level when a higher level of resolution is required. Video LinkThe video component of this article can be found at

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Fluorescent dye staining of neuromasts in live fishes: an aid to systematic studies

Cited by 31 publications

References 21 publications

Convergent evolution of the lateral line system in Apogonidae (Teleostei: Percomorpha) determined from innervation

Convergent evolution of the lateral line system in Apogonidae (Teleostei: Percomorpha) determined from innervation

The trunk lateral line system and its innervation in Mugil cephalus (Mugilidae: Mugiliformes)

An Assay for Lateral Line Regeneration in Adult Zebrafish

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