Fluorescent Gold Nanoclusters: Synthesis and Recent Biological Application

Qu, Xiaobo; Li, Yichen; Li, Lei; Wang, Yanran; Liang, Jimin

doi:10.1155/2015/784097

Cited by 120 publications

(126 citation statements)

References 187 publications

(221 reference statements)

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“…However, contrary to the semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) which are relatively larger in size and typically composed of toxic metals (Cd, Te etc. ), these metal NCs (Au, Ag and Cu) are bio‐compatible and almost non‐toxic, making them excellent probes having various analytical and biological applications ,…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Luminescent Properties of Photo‐Stable Copper Nanoclusters through Formation of “Protein‐Corona”‐Like Assemblies

2018

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In this study, interactions of synthesized copper nanoclusters (CuNCs) with a model transport protein, human serum albumin (HSA), have been systematically investigated by using various spectroscopic approaches. The interactions give rise to the formation of "protein-corona" like assemblies and the luminescence properties (both steady-state and time-resolved) are enhanced due to gradual adsorption of the protein on the surface of the NCs. The associated thermodynamics and binding parameters have been estimated resorting to luminescent experimental techniques as well as isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) studies, indicating that every NC is surrounded by (4±1) protein molecules. The adsorption of HSA on the surface of the NCs has been characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and time-resolved anisotropy measurements. Finally, fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) data substantiate the emergence of new "protein-corona" like assemblies resulting in slower translational diffusion motions and concomitant rise of the hydrodynamic diameters.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Luminescent Properties of Photo‐Stable Copper Nanoclusters through Formation of “Protein‐Corona”‐Like Assemblies

2018

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“…Protein stabilized noble metal nanoclusters (P:NC) present an exciting option as an intracellular fluorescent marker (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8). P:NCs are small clusters of atoms ranging from 5 to 25 atoms which are comprised of an Au 0 core surrounded by a shell of Au + atoms that are bound to the stabilizing protein (9)(10)(11).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In situSynthesis of Fluorescent Gold Nanoclusters by Nontumorigenic Microglial Cells

West¹,

Schaeublin

Griep³

et al. 2016

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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To date, the directed in situ synthesis of fluorescent gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) has only been demonstrated in cancerous cells, with the theorized synthesis mechanism prohibiting AuNC formation in nontumorigenic cell lines. This limitation hinders potential biostabilized AuNC-based technology in healthy cells involving both chemical and mechanical analysis, such as the direct sensing of protein function and the elucidation of local mechanical environments. Thus, new synthesis strategies are required to expand the application space of AuNCs beyond cancer-focused cellular studies. In this contribution, we have developed the methodology and demonstrated the direct in situ synthesis of AuNCs in the nontumorigenic neuronal microglial line, C8B4. The as-synthesized AuNCs form in situ and are stabilized by cellular proteins. The clusters exhibit bright green fluorescence and demonstrate low (<10%) toxicity. Interestingly, elevated ROS levels were not required for the in situ formation of AuNCs, although intracellular reductants such as glutamate were required for the synthesis of AuNCs in C8B4 cells. To our knowledge, this is the first-ever demonstration of AuNC synthesis in nontumorigenic cells and, as such, it considerably expands the application space of biostabilized fluorescent AuNCs.

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“…Several methods were used for the synthesis of Au NCs, such as template-based (polymers, proteins, DNA, and dendrimers) and ligand-protected (phosphine ligands and thiolate-capped gold nanoclusters) methods13. A “green” synthetic method was developed, where bovine serum albumin (BSA) protein reacted with the Au 3+ ions, and converted them into Au + ions, with the help of tyrosine, aspartate, glutamate, asparagine, and glutamine presents in the protein14. “Green” synthetic protein-protected Au NCs attracted a lot of attention in biomedical research due to their high fluorescence, stability, and reduced toxicity15.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorescent Gold Nanoclusters for Selective Detection of Dopamine in Cerebrospinal fluid

Govindaraju

Ankireddy

Viswanath

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

216

105

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Since the last two decades, protein conjugated fluorescent gold nanoclusters (NCs) owe much attention in the field of medical and nanobiotechnology due to their excellent photo stability characteristics. In this paper, we reported stable, nontoxic and red fluorescent emission BSA-Au NCs for selective detection of L-dopamine (DA) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The evolution was probed by various instrumental techniques such as UV-vis spectroscopy, High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HTEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL). The synthesised BSA-Au NCs were showing 4–6 nm with high fluorescent ~8% Quantum yield (QY). The fluorescence intensity of BSA-Au NCs was quenched upon the addition of various concentrations of DA via an electron transfer mechanism. The decrease in BSA-Au NCs fluorescence intensity made it possible to determine DA in PBS buffer and the spiked DA in CSF in the linear range from 0 to 10 nM with the limit of detection (LOD) 0.622 and 0.830 nM respectively. Best of our knowledge, as-prepared BSA-Au NCs will gain possible strategy and good platform for biosensor, drug discovery, and rapid disease diagnosis such as Parkinson’s and Alzheimer diseases.

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Fluorescent Gold Nanoclusters: Synthesis and Recent Biological Application

Cited by 120 publications

References 187 publications

Enhanced Luminescent Properties of Photo‐Stable Copper Nanoclusters through Formation of “Protein‐Corona”‐Like Assemblies

Enhanced Luminescent Properties of Photo‐Stable Copper Nanoclusters through Formation of “Protein‐Corona”‐Like Assemblies

In situSynthesis of Fluorescent Gold Nanoclusters by Nontumorigenic Microglial Cells

Fluorescent Gold Nanoclusters for Selective Detection of Dopamine in Cerebrospinal fluid

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