Fluorescent imaging of Au3+ in living cells with two new high selective Au3+ probes

Abstract

Two new acetylenic compounds were designed and synthesized as the probes to realize the detection and recognition of Au(3+). The latent fluorophores was rearranged into the fluorescent coumarin derivatives with strong fluorescence by a gold ion-mediated hydroarylation reaction. In the meanwhile, the generated fluorescent substances were also isolated and characterized. The probes identified Au(3+) ions highly selectively over other biologically relevant metal ions, and detection concentration of Au(3+) was as low as 0.1µM or less. Fluorescent imaging of Au(3+) in living cells was also successfully demonstrated.

Coumarin-Based Small-Molecule Fluorescent Chemosensors

“…Gold is an important noble metal and its compounds are extensively used as catalytic agents, pharmaceuticals, and in the electronic industry. In its cationic form, gold has also been demonstrated to be harmful to the nervous system, kidneys, and liver. , …”

“…Yin’s group developed two acetylenic compounds 185 and 186 (Figure ) as fluorescent chemosensors for Au 3+ . These fluorogenic sensors require the presence of Au 3+ to enable an in situ hydroarylation reaction, resulting in the formation of a coumarin.…”

“…In its cationic form, gold has also been demonstrated to be harmful to the nervous system, kidneys, and liver. 262,263 Yin's group developed two acetylenic compounds 185 and 186 262 (Figure 108) as fluorescent chemosensors for Au 3+ . These fluorogenic sensors require the presence of Au 3+ to enable an in situ hydroarylation reaction, resulting in the formation of a coumarin.…”

Small-molecule fluorescent probes based on covalent assembly strategy for chemoselective bioimaging

“…3B ). 42 Acetylene compounds were utilized as probes to rearrange potential fluorophores into fluorescent coumarin derivatives, which could realize the detection and recognition of Au 3+ via a gold ion-mediated hydro-arylation reaction. The experimental results showed that these two probes have good selectivity and sensitivity for the detection of gold ions, and their detection limit was as low as 0.1 nM.…”

Scavengome of an Antioxidant

“…In some cases, we also classify oxidative conditions using biologically less relevant pH values into class C. In the model systems class B and C, three subgroups can be distinguished: (a) oxygen atom donors (H2O2, t-BuOOH, O2 in alkaline media) (Costa et al, 2021;Wenz et al, 2019) (b) electron donors (e.g. NaIO4, K3Fe(CN)6, Ru 3+ , Cu 2+ , Fe 2+ /Fe 3+ , Au 3+ ) (Galletti et al, 2018;Pradhan et al, 2020;Wu et al, 2021;Yang et al, 2016) (c) agents that mimic the nitrating capacity of peroxynitrite (eg. NaNO2) (Ozyurt & Otles, 2020;Vossen & De Smet, 2015).…”