Fluorescent in situ hybridization in plant polytene chromosomes

Guerra, Marcelo

doi:10.1007/978-94-010-0330-8_13

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Polytene chromosomes have been found in specialized tissues of a few plant species. In fact, most of the studies have been done in Phaseolus and Vigna species in embryo suspensor cells and anther tapetum cells, respectively (reviewed in Carvalheira, 2000; Guerra, 2001). Plant polytene chromosomes are different from those in Drosophila species by several aspects such that they have only condensed and decondensed regions without distinctive transverse banding patterns.…”

Section: Studies On Polytene Chromosomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytogenetics of Legumes in the Phaseoloid Clade

2013

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Cytogenetics played an essential role in studies of chromosome structure, behavior, and evolution in numerous plant species. The advent of molecular cytogenetics combined with recent development of genomic resources has ushered in a new era of chromosome studies that have greatly advanced our knowledge of karyotypic diversity, genome and chromosome organization, and chromosomal evolution in legumes. This review summarizes some of the achievements of cytogenetic studies in legumes in the Phaseoloid clade, which includes several important legume crops such as common bean (Phaseolus, and pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth]. In the Phaseoloid clade, karyotypes are mostly stable. There are, however, several species with extensive chromosomal changes. Fluorescence in situ hybridization has been useful to reveal chromosomal structure by physically mapping transposons, satellite repeats, ribosomal DNA genes, and bacterial artificial chromosome clones onto chromosomes. Polytene chromosomes, which are much longer than the mitotic chromosomes, have been successfully found and used in cytogenetic studies in some Phaseolus and Vigna species. Molecular cytogenetics will continue to be an important tool in legume genetics and genomics, and we discuss future applications of molecular cytogenetics to better understand chromosome and genome structure and evolution in legumes.

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Section: Studies On Polytene Chromosomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytogenetics of Legumes in the Phaseoloid Clade

2013

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“…A comparative cytogenetics study between cowpea and common bean was done using common bean BAC clones mapped to cowpea mitotic chromosomes (Vasconcelos et al 2015 ). Polytene chromosomes from anther tapetum cells of Vigna species have been observed and used for cytogenetic studies (reviewed in Guerra 2001 ). However, most of these studies were done when genomic resources were limited and do not provide a detailed genome organization associated with chromosome structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly distinct chromosomal structures in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), as revealed by molecular cytogenetic analysis

et al. 2016

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Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) is an important legume, particularly in developing countries. However, little is known about its genome or chromosome structure. We used molecular cytogenetics to characterize the structure of pachytene chromosomes to advance our knowledge of chromosome and genome organization of cowpea. Our data showed that cowpea has highly distinct chromosomal structures that are cytologically visible as brightly DAPI-stained heterochromatic regions. Analysis of the repetitive fraction of the cowpea genome present at centromeric and pericentromeric regions confirmed that two retrotransposons are major components of pericentromeric regions and that a 455-bp tandem repeat is found at seven out of 11 centromere pairs in cowpea. These repeats likely evolved after the divergence of cowpea from common bean and form chromosomal structure unique to cowpea. The integration of cowpea genetic and physical chromosome maps reveals potential regions of suppressed recombination due to condensed heterochromatin and a lack of pairing in a few chromosomal termini. This study provides fundamental knowledge on cowpea chromosome structure and molecular cytogenetics tools for further chromosome studies.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s10577-015-9515-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…In an analysis of the endopolyploidization of several organs of 54 seed-plant species belonging to two gymnosperm families and 14 angiosperm families, phylogenetic position, life cycle, genome size, and organ type were found to have effects on endopolyploidization (Barow and Meister, 2003). Polytene chromosomes were found in anther tapetal cells of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) and embryo suspensor cells of runner bean (Phaseolus coccineus) using fluorescent in situ hybridization (Guerra, 2001). Polytene chromosomes were detected in secretory cells from the larvae of the biting midge insect Forcipomyia nigra (Urbanek et al, 2013).…”

Section: Endoploidy Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Attributes and Agricultural Implications of Somatic Genome Variation

2016

Current Issues in Molecular Biology

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This article proposes the concept of genome network, describes different variations of the somatic genome network, and reviews the agricultural implications of such variations. All genetic materials in a cell constitute the genome network of the cell and can jointly influence the cell's function and fate. The somatic genome of a plant is the genome network of cells in somatic tissues and of nonreproductive cells in pollen and ovules. Somatic genome variation (SGV, approximately equivalent to somagenetic variation) occurs at multiple levels, including stoichiometric, ploidy, and sequence variations. For a multicellular organism, the term "somatic genome variation" covers both the variation in part of the organism and the generation of new genotype individuals through somatic means from a sexually produced original genotype. For unicellular organisms, genome variation in somatic nuclei occurs at the whole organism level because there is only a single cell per individual. Growth, development and evolution of living organisms require both stability and instability of their genomes. Somatic genome variation displays many more attributes than genetic mutation and has strong implications for agriculture.

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Fluorescent in situ hybridization in plant polytene chromosomes

Cited by 5 publications

References 29 publications

Cytogenetics of Legumes in the Phaseoloid Clade

Cytogenetics of Legumes in the Phaseoloid Clade

Highly distinct chromosomal structures in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), as revealed by molecular cytogenetic analysis

Natural Attributes and Agricultural Implications of Somatic Genome Variation

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