Fluorescent Terpolymers Using Two Non-Emissive Monomers for Cr(III) Sensors, Removal, and Bio-Imaging

Abstract

The nonconventional purely aliphatic intrinsically fluorescent multifunctional terpolymers, such as 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid-co-2-(3-acrylamidopropylamido)-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid-co-acrylamide (AMPS-co-APMPS-co-AM, 1), acrylic acid-co-3-acrylamidopropanoic acid-co-acrylamide (AA-co-APA-co-AM, 2), and methacrylic acid-co-3-acrylamido-2-methyl propanoic acid-co-acrylamide (MAA-co-AMPA-co-AM, 3), were synthesized via N–H functionalized multi-C–C/N–C coupled in situ attachments of fluorophore monomers, that is, APMPS, APA, and AMPA, in solution polymerization of two non-fluorescent monomers. These terpolymers were suitable for selective Cr­(III) sensors, high-performance exclusions of Cr­(III), and fluorescence imaging of human osteosarcoma cancer cells. The structures of 1, 2, and 3, in situ attachments of fluorescent amino acid monomers, locations of fluorophores, aggregation-induced enhanced emissions, and the superadsorption mechanism were understood via microstructural analyses. The geometries, electronic structures, and the low-lying singlet–singlet absorption and emission of 1, 2, and 3 were explored using density functional theory (DFT), time-dependent DFT, and natural transition orbital analyses. The ionic and variable interactions of 1, 2, and 3 with Cr­(III) were envisaged via analyses of adsorbed microstructures, fitting of kinetics data to a pseudo-second-order model, and the measurements of activation energies. For 1/2/3, limit of detection values and adsorption capacities were 1.88 × 10–7/3.75 × 10–7/1.25 × 10–7 M and 1316.35/1431.40/1372.18 mg g–1, respectively, at pHi = 7.0, 303 K, and 1000 ppm. The better overall properties made 3 to be more suitable in sensing and cell imaging.

Nonconjugated Biocompatible Macromolecular Luminogens for Sensing and Removals of Fe(III) and Cu(II): DFT Studies on Selective Coordination(s) and On‐Off Sensing

“…For P1 and P2, average lifetimes of photobleaching were 280 and 180 s, respectively, presenting the higher photo/storage stability of P1 than that of P2. [67,68] The elevated photostability of P1 than that of P2 may be contributed by more variable functionalities including the tertiary amine side chain bearing N-branches in P1.…”

Surface-engineered liposomes for dual-drug delivery targeting strategy against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

“…In DAPT, the aromatic rings, benzene, and indole rings present values in the region 6.80–7.34 ppm, which are also present in DAPT-PEG-DSPE, in addition to PEG-DSPE-specific peaks. The conjugation of DAPT with NHS-PEG 3400 -DSPE, generating an NH–CH 2 linkage [47] , can also be confirmed based on the peaks in the region 3.46–3.67 ppm, which were absent in peaks for PEG-DSPE [48] and present in those for the conjugated moiety, while the NH–CH 2 peak, which was inherent for DAPT, was present at 3.76 ppm. Hence, from both NMR and IR, the conjugation of DAPT with NHS-PEG 3400 -DSPE was verified.…”

2,6-bis(E)-4-methylbenzylidine)-cyclohexan-1-one as a Fluorescent-on Sensor for Ultra Selective Detection of Chromium Ion in Aqueous Media

“…As discussed, we postulated that the apparent uorescence enhancement of sensor C could be ascribed to a distinctive chemical resemblance for chromium ion. It is presented in already reported articles, uorescent molecules like sensor C retain certain preference for chromium ion, thus allow a super cial prejudice from its close neighbor Fe 3+ along with other similar co-existing ions through uorescence enhancement [25].…”