Fluoride Analysis in Nanoliter- and Microliter-size Fluid Samples

Vogel, G.L.; Carey, Clifton M.; Chow, Laurence C.; Ekstrand, Jan

doi:10.1177/00220345900690s106

Cited by 38 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The film was then washed with 1 mol/l Na acetate solution (3E7.5 µl), which was also drawn into the vial where it combined with the acidic solution to give a constant ionic strength buffer system. The fluoride activity of the combined solution was determined using an F -ion-selective electrode system suitable for the analysis of small volumes [Vogel et al, 1990].…”

Section: Abrasion Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluoride Uptake to Demineralised Enamel: A Comparison of Sampling Techniques

Duckworth

Lynch²

1998

Caries Res

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Fluoride uptake is a recognised way of assessing the potential anticaries efficacy of fluoride (F) treatments. The aim of the present study was to compare an abrasion method of sampling treated enamel, based on that of Weatherell et al. [Caries Res 1985;19:97–102], with the acid–etch method of Raven et al. [Caries Res 1991;25:130–137]. Two adjacent demineralised areas were created on the polished surfaces of bovine incisors using an acid gel system. One artificial lesion from each tooth was subsequently treated for 6 h at 37°C with one of two fluoridated dentifrice slurries (1 part: 3 parts water), whereas the other was treated similarly with a slurry of non–F control dentifrice. One set of treated lesions was then separated, the base of each enamel block polished until planoparallel with the demineralised surface and the lesions isolated by cutting away the adjacent sound enamel. Each block was mounted on the probe of a digital micrometer and the demineralised surface abraded with silicon carbide lapping film until sound material was reached. Abraded material was dissolved in perchloric acid and the buffered solution analysed for fluoride by ion–selective electrode. Each lesion of a second set of treated, demineralised enamel blocks was etched by 20μl acid and the resulting solutions analysed for F. Mean F uptakes [μg cm^–2 (SD)] were: abrasion (n = 7/treatment); F dentifrice A = 1.39 (0.89) and B = 0.86 (0.45) relative to non–F controls = 0.11 (0.12), 0.14 (0.06), respectively; and acid–etch (n = 14/treatment); A = 1.27 (0.49), B = 0.69 (0.23), controls = 0.12 (0.06), 0.12 (0.06), respectively. Significant differences (p<0.05) for both data sets were: A>B> control. The results show good agreement between the sampling methods and demonstrate the ability of the abrasion technique to distinguish between F treatments.

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Section: Abrasion Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluoride Uptake to Demineralised Enamel: A Comparison of Sampling Techniques

Duckworth

Lynch²

1998

Caries Res

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“…Microelectrode techniques were used for the plaque fluid analysis. These techniques have been extensively described and are only summarized here [Vogel et al, 1990a[Vogel et al, , 1990b[Vogel et al, , 2000c. The samples contained in the micropipette were deposited, with the aid of a stereomicroscope, on the surface of an inverted fluoride electrode that was covered with WSCO 2 -N 2 -gas-equilibrated mineral oil.…”

Section: Recovery and Analysis Of Plaque Fluid And Plaquementioning

confidence: 99%

No Calcium-Fluoride-Like Deposits Detected in Plaque Shortly after a Sodium Fluoride Mouthrinse

et al. 2010

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Plaque ‘calcium-fluoride-like’ (CaF₂-like) and fluoride deposits held by biological/bacterial calcium fluoride (Ca-F) bonds appear to be the source of cariostatic concentrations of fluoride in plaque fluid. The aim of this study was to quantify the amounts of plaque fluoride held in these reservoirs after a sodium fluoride rinse. 30 and 60 min after a 228 µg/g fluoride rinse, plaque samples were collected from 11 volunteers. Each sample was homogenized, split into 2 aliquots (aliquots 1 and 2), centrifuged, and the recovered plaque fluid combined and analyzed using microelectrodes. The plaque mass from aliquot 1 was retained. The plaque mass from aliquot 2 was extracted several times with a solution having the same fluoride, calcium and pH as the plaque fluid in order to extract the plaque CaF₂-like deposits. The total fluoride in both aliquots was then determined. In a second experiment, the extraction completeness was examined by applying the above procedure to in vitro precipitates containing known amounts of CaF₂-like deposits. Nearly identical fluoride concentrations were found in both plaque aliquots. The extraction of the CaF₂-like precipitates formed in vitro removed more than 80% of these deposits. The results suggest that either CaF₂-like deposits were not formed in plaque or, if these deposits had been formed, they were rapidly lost. The inability to form persistent amounts of CaF₂-like deposits in plaque may account for the relatively rapid loss of plaque fluid fluoride after the use of conventional fluoride dentifrices or rinses.

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“…The tube was then weighed, centrifuged, and the supernatant diluted 9 parts sample with 1 part TISAB III (Thermo-Orion, Shelton, Conn., USA). The diluted saliva samples were then analyzed using the inverted electrode apparatus previously described [Vogel et al, 1990]. The saliva and dentifrice expectorated by the subjects after use of the dentifrice in Exp.…”

Section: Sample Collection and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Salivary Fluoride from Fluoride Dentifrices or Rinses after Use of a Calcium Pre-Rinse or Calcium Dentifrice

Vogel

Shim²,

Schumacher³

et al. 2006

Caries Res

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The low concentration of available calcium (Ca) in oral fluids limits the formation of Ca-mediated fluoride deposits that maintain oral fluoride (F) after a topical F treatment. The purpose of this study was to examine if a high concentration of Ca would increase salivary F when used before a F rinse or dentifrice. We found that a Ca pre-rinse (150 mmol/l Ca lactate) or Ca dentifrice (0.084 g Ca glycerolphosphate per gram dentifrice) used immediately before a 60 s 228-ppm F rinse (12 mmol/l NaF) produced a 4.6× or 3.6× increase (p < 0.05) respectively in the 1 h salivary F concentrations over the F rinse alone. Reducing the post-Ca F rinse to 10 s still produced a significant 2.2× increase in salivary F compared to the 60 s F rinse alone. Used with a conventional 1,100 ppm F (i.e. 1,100 µg F per gram) NaF dentifrice (Crest), the above Ca pre-rinse increased 1 h salivary F levels by 2.3× over the F dentifrice alone. However, a F rinse given before a Ca rinse produced no increase in 1 h salivary F concentrations. Although the persistence of these increases requires further study, these results suggest that a moderately high concentration of Ca given shortly before a F rinse or F dentifrice may increase the cariostatic effect of the F product.

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Fluoride Analysis in Nanoliter- and Microliter-size Fluid Samples

Cited by 38 publications

References 22 publications

Fluoride Uptake to Demineralised Enamel: A Comparison of Sampling Techniques

Fluoride Uptake to Demineralised Enamel: A Comparison of Sampling Techniques

No Calcium-Fluoride-Like Deposits Detected in Plaque Shortly after a Sodium Fluoride Mouthrinse

Salivary Fluoride from Fluoride Dentifrices or Rinses after Use of a Calcium Pre-Rinse or Calcium Dentifrice

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