Fluoride Levels in Saliva and Plaque following the Use of High Fluoride and Conventional Dentifrices- a Triple Blinded Randomised Parallel Group Trial

Abstract

Context. The comparison of fluoride levels in saliva and plaque following the use of conventional, 2800 and 5000 ppm dentifrices for different time intervals up to 24 hours has not been explored. Aim. The aim of the present study was to assess salivary and plaque fluoride levels at different time intervals following the use of high fluoride dentifrices. Study Design. This randomised control trial was conducted on sixty adolescents between the age group of 16 and 18 years divided into three groups A, B, and C. Intervention. Subjects were asked to brush the occlusal surfaces of posterior teeth with one of the dentifrices for 2 min. Unstimulated whole saliva and plaque samples were collected at different time intervals. Fluoride levels were determined using SPADNS method. Data was collected and statistically analyzed using SPSS 20 Inc. by mixed repeated measure ANOVA. Results. A significant difference in fluoride levels was observed at different time intervals in both saliva (p=0.048) and plaque (p=0.03). The variance was low with time and concentration of the dentifrice used in saliva, whereas the magnitude of treatment was large for time (>0.25) but small for (<0.09) concentration in plaque. Conclusion. A significant difference in fluoride levels was observed at different time intervals in both saliva and plaque among the three groups. There was a positive correlation between fluoride levels in saliva and plaque. Both high fluoride dentifrices were effective in maintaining higher intraoral fluoride levels up to 12 hours and 5000 ppm up to 24 hours compared to conventional dentifrice.

In Vitro Biocompatibility of Several Children’s Toothpastes on Human Gingival Fibroblasts

“…Some studies evidenced that the level of fluoride in saliva stays for more time than the two minutes of cleaning [ 8 ]. Moreover, it can remain 24 h after application, depending on its concentration [ 9 ], and in addition, the concentration in the mucosa is higher than in saliva [ 10 ]. Thus, toothpastes are in contact with human gingival fibroblasts for a long time compared to other oral materials [ 11 , 12 , 13 ].…”

Salivary fluoride levels after daily brushing with 5000 ppm fluoride toothpaste: A randomised, controlled clinical trial

“…The fluoride level in the oral fluids, including saliva, is considered a proxy variable for caries controlling effect of fluoride applications, including fluoride toothpaste [11]. Most published studies on high-dosage fluoride toothpaste have reported the salivary fluoride concentration after a single or very few toothbrushing sessions and/or only during the first few hours after exposure(s) [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. These studies show that a single or few exposures to high-fluoride toothpaste result in higher salivary fluoride levels during the first few hours after exposure than seen after the use of toothpaste with up to 1500 ppm fluoride.…”

Identification of Streptococcus mutans genes involved in fluoride resistance by screening of a transposon mutant library

“…Toothpastes are recognized as the best source of fluoride and have been accepted for their effectiveness in caries prevention. The regular concentration of fluoride used in toothpaste is about 1000-1500 parts per million (ppm) (Vincent & Thomas, 2019). The mechanism of fluoride action is still not clearly understood.…”