Fluorinated Covalent Organic Framework as a Positive Tribo‐Material for High‐Performance Triboelectric Nanogenerators

Abstract

Along with the increasingly wide application of intelligent electronics, triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), as a promising sustainable micro-power source has attracted considerable attention recently. However, most of the reported research focuses on negative triboelectric materials, while research on alternative positive tribo-layers is still limited. In this study, a new highly fluorinated covalent organic framework (COF) Tp-TFAB is successfully synthesized and utilized as positive triboelectric materials for high-performance TENGs. Unusually, compared with the non-fluorinated Tp-TAPB COF, both the pristine Tp-TFAB COF and corresponding hybrid films with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) based TENGs demonstrate much higher triboelectric performance. Especially, a PVC-PVA/FTC TENG composed of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and hybrid PVA/Tp-TFAB (PVA/FTC) films reveal much superior triboelectric performance with a short-circuit current density of 26.34 mA m −2 , a transferred charge density of 148.5 µC m −2 , and a maximum peak power density of 8.24 W m −2 , nearly six times higher than that of the PVC-PVA TENG. Detailed investigations revealed that the fluorinated Tp-TFAB COF has enhanced electron donating ability, which significantly boosts the triboelectric output of TENGs. This study provides an effective strategy of chemically designing and synthesizing new alternative triboelectric materials, which will pave the way to significantly enhance the triboelectric performance of TENGs.

Design and synthesis of triboelectric polymers for high performance triboelectric nanogenerators

“…139 A novel fluorinated COF based on 1,3,5-tris(2,3,5,6-tetrafluoroaniline) benzene (TFAB) and triformylphloroglucinol (Tp) is combined with PVA to form a positive tribo-layer for high performance TENGs. 140 Furthermore, a cationic TFP-DB-COF based on the 1,3,5-triformylphloroglucinol (TFP) knot and dimidium bromide (DB) linker is proposed, with cationic groups exposed to the channel surface (Fig. 6b).…”

Crystalline Porous Material‐Based Nanogenerators: Recent Progress, Applications, Challenges, and Opportunities

“…For example, Lin Shi et al reported the synthesis of a highly fluorinated COF, Tp-TFAB COF, for use as a positive electrode material. [93] This COF was synthesized using 1,3,5-tris(2,3,5,6-tetrafluoroaniline)benzene (TFAB) and triformylphloroglucinol (Tp). The synthesis of Tp-TFAB and Tp-TAPB COFs involved the solvothermal method (shown in Figure 3g).…”

“…Very few studies are reported on COF-based TENGs in the literature. [90][91][92][93][94][95] The first demonstration of TENG using COFs was reported in 2020 and used TPB-DBBA-COF with monomer 2,5-dibromobenzene-1,4-dicarbaldehyde (DBBA) as linker and 1,3,5-tris (4-aminophenyl) benzene (TPB) as knot used with bromine functionalization. [90] In this report, COFs are functionalized with an electron-withdrawing bromine group onto the skeletons of COFs.…”

“…Reproduced with permission. [93] Copyright 2023, Wiley-VCH. and helps to conserve natural resources.…”

“…f) Synthesis of MIL-100 (Fe),[73] g) Tp-TAPB and Tp-TFAB COFs synthesis procedure. Reproduced with permission [93]. Copyright 2023, Wiley-VCH.…”