Fluoroindate glasses

Transparent oxyfluoride glass ceramics

“…Similar classification has been done for fluoroindate and fluoroaluminate glasses earlier [234,235]. It is worth noting that usually the glass compositions are quite complex.…”

“…According to the existing MF 2 -RF 3 phase diagrams [279,234,289,290], decreasing the temperature under equilibrium conditions leads to the decomposition of M 1-x R x F 2+x solid solutions and the formation of a series of ordered fluorite-like phases in some systems (predominantly rare earth elements of the yttrium subgroup), such as M 2 RF 7 , M 9 R 5 F 33 , M 8 R 5 F 31 , M 4 R 3 F 17 , etc. Formation of these compounds is caused by ordering of R 6 F 37 clusters, which are statistically distributed in their crystalline lattices at high temperature.…”

“…They have much broader transparency region in their spectra in comparison to quartz glass, from 0.295 to 7.5 micrometers, i.e., from near UV to mid-IR part of electromagnetic spectrum [24,[232][233][234][235].…”

Bubble transport in three-dimensional laminar gravity-driven flow – mathematical formulation

“…The foam layer strongly affects the radiation heat transfer from the combustion space to the glass bath and can significantly reduce the glassmelt temperature [8,55]. Model for radiation transfer through foam and combined conduction and radiation transfer have been proposed recently [8,[63][64][65][66] and should be used to recompute the glassmelt flow and thermal structures. However, this task is beyond the scope of the present work, and the presence of a foam layer will not be considered further.…”

Effect of furnace atmosphere on E-glass foaming

“…Glass foams generated in glass-melting furnaces reduce energy efficiency and can lead to poor glass quality [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. Foaming of E-glass refined with sulfate is especially severe when processed with oxy-fuel firing [6].…”