Fluoxetine exposure impacts boldness in female Siamese fighting fish, Betta splendens

Dzieweczynski, Teresa L.; Kane, Jessica L.; Campbell, Brennah A.; Lavin, Lindsey E.

doi:10.1007/s10646-015-1568-8

Cited by 37 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…As a result, behavioral studies have utilized the propensity of zebrafish to inspect a novel object [ 37 ] and the willingness of perch to feed in an open environment based upon perceived predation risk [ 38 ] as measures of boldness along the shy-bold continuum of animal behavioral traits [ 39 ], a key aspect of animal personality and behavioral syndromes [ 40 ]. Though this effect did not occur at concentrations under 100 μg/L in our study, this is in agreement with a recent study that found decreased boldness of fish ( Betta splendens ) exposed to fluoxetine at 0.5 and 5 μg/L for eight days compared to control fish [ 41 ]. Because our experiment compared treatment means instead of repeated measures on individuals, we cannot definitively conclude that there were changes within an individual in terms of its boldness due to chemical exposure; however, the behavioral decisions involved imply that the fish exposed to the highest fluoxetine treatment were “shyer” than control fish, on average, by engaging in less risky behavior, and potentially at the cost of reduced food intake.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Assessing Potential Vulnerability and Response of Fish to Simulated Avian Predation after Exposure to Psychotropic Pharmaceuticals

Hedgespeth

Nilsson

Berglund

2016

Toxics

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Psychotropic pharmaceuticals present in the environment may impact organisms both directly and via interaction strengths with other organisms, including predators; therefore, this study examined the potential effects of pharmaceuticals on behavioral responses of fish to avian predators. Wild-caught juvenile perch (Perca fluviatilis) were assayed using a striking bird model after a seven-day exposure to psychotropic pharmaceuticals (the antidepressants fluoxetine or sertraline, or the β-blocker propranolol) under the hypotheses that exposure would increase vulnerability to avian predation via increasing the probability of predator encounter as well as degrading evasive behaviors upon encounter. None of the substances significantly affected swimming activity of the fish, nor did they increase vulnerability by affecting encounter probability or evasive endpoints compared to control treatments. Counter to our expectations, fish exposed to 100 μg/L fluoxetine (but no other concentrations or pharmaceuticals) were less likely to enter the open area of the arena, i.e., less likely to engage in risky behavior that could lead to predator encounters. Additionally, all fish exposed to environmentally relevant, low concentrations of sertraline (0.12 μg/L) and propranolol (0.1 μg/L) sought refuge after the simulated attack. Our unexpected results warrant further research as they have interesting implications on how these psychotropic pharmaceuticals may affect predator-prey interactions spanning the terrestrial-aquatic interface.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Assessing Potential Vulnerability and Response of Fish to Simulated Avian Predation after Exposure to Psychotropic Pharmaceuticals

Hedgespeth

Nilsson

Berglund

2016

Toxics

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“…These assays have been used before in this species (Dzieweczynski et al, 2016) and are standard assays for examining behavioral syndromes along with some measure of aggression (for a review, see Toms et al, 2010). Assays such as the empty tank test have been used to examine depression-like behaviors in zebrafish (Cachat et al, 2010), and these behaviors change with administration of fluoxetine (Egan et al, 2009).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Male Siamese fighting fish have been shown to be less aggressive (Dzieweczynski and Hebert, 2012), even after as little as 3 h of exposure to 3 µg ml −1 of fluoxetine-treated water (Lynn et al, 2007), and less active (Kohlert et al, 2012) after exposure to fluoxetine via water. Given that it has recently been found that female Siamese fighting fish are less active and explore less after fluoxetine exposure (Dzieweczynski et al, 2016), we hypothesized that similar reductions in behavior would be seen in males. Reductions in activity level after acute fluoxetine exposure appear to be common in fish (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Dose-dependent fluoxetine effects on boldness in male Siamese fighting fish

Dzieweczynski

Campbell

Kane

2016

Journal of Experimental Biology

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As the use of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) continues to rise, these compounds enter the environment in increasing frequency. One such PPCP, fluoxetine, has been found in detectable amounts in aquatic ecosystems worldwide, where it may interfere with the behavior of exposed organisms. Fluoxetine exposure has been found to influence boldness and exploration in a range of fish species; however, how it might alter behavior in multiple contexts or over time is rarely examined. To this end, the effects of fluoxetine on boldness over time were studied in male Siamese fighting fish. Three different groups of males (0, 0.5 and 5 µg l −1 fluoxetine) were tested in multiple boldness assays (empty tank, novel environment and shoal) once a week for 3 weeks to collect baseline measures and then at three different time points postexposure. The effects of these varying exposure amounts on behavior were then examined for overall response, consistency and across-context correlations. Unexposed males were bolder in all contexts, were more consistent within a context, and had stronger between-context correlations than exposed males. Fluoxetine had dose-dependent effects on behavior, as males that received the higher dose exhibited greater behavioral effects. This study stresses the potential fitness consequences of fluoxetine exposure and suggests that examining behavioral effects of PPCPs under different dosing regimens and in multiple contexts is important to gain an increased understanding of how exposure affects behavior.

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“…Recent studies have shown that ecologically important behavioral traits, such as activity and boldness, are affected by various emerging aquatic contaminants (Reyhanian et al, 2011;Brodin et al, 2013;Dzieweczynski et al, 2016) as well as other contaminants including inorganic mercury (Pereira et al, 2016), persistent organic pollutants (Vignet et al, 2015), and mining waste leachate (Lanctôt et al, 2016). Effects on boldness and activity have also been noted in response to ongoing large-scale changes in carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) concentrations in oceans and freshwaters (Munday et al, 2009(Munday et al, , 2010Welch et al, 2014;Regan et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug-Induced Behavioral Changes: Using Laboratory Observations to Predict Field Observations

Klaminder

Hellström

Fahlman

et al. 2016

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Behavioral assays constitute important research tools when assessing how fish respond to environmental change. However, it is unclear how behavioral modifications recorded in laboratory assays are expressed in natural ecosystems, a limitation that makes it difficult to evaluate the predictive power of laboratory-based measurements. In this study, we hypothesized that exposure to a benzodiazepine (i.e., oxazepam) increases boldness and activity in laboratory assays as well as in field assays-that is, laboratory results can be used to predict field results. Moreover, we expected the modified behavior to affect other important ecological measures such as habitat selection and home range. To test our hypothesis, we exposed European perch (Perca fluviatilis) to oxazepam and measured subsequent changes in behavioral trials both in laboratory assays and in a lake ecosystem populated with a predatory fish species, pike (Esox lucius). In the lake, the positions of both perch and pike were tracked every 3 min for a month using acoustic telemetry. In the laboratory assay, the oxazepam-exposed perch were bolder and more active than the non-exposed perch. In the lake assay, the oxazepam-exposed perch were also more bold and active, had a larger home range, and used pelagic habitats more than the non-exposed perch. We conclude that ecotoxicological behavioral assays are useful for predicting the effects of exposure in natural systems. However, although individual responses to exposure were similar in both the laboratory and field trials, effects were more obvious in the field study, mainly due to reduced variability in the behavioral measures from the lake. Hence, short-term behavioral assays may fail to detect all the effects expressed in natural environments. Nevertheless, our study clearly demonstrates that behavioral modifications observed in laboratory settings can be used to predict how fish perform in aquatic ecosystems.

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Fluoxetine exposure impacts boldness in female Siamese fighting fish, Betta splendens

Cited by 37 publications

References 53 publications

Assessing Potential Vulnerability and Response of Fish to Simulated Avian Predation after Exposure to Psychotropic Pharmaceuticals

Assessing Potential Vulnerability and Response of Fish to Simulated Avian Predation after Exposure to Psychotropic Pharmaceuticals

Dose-dependent fluoxetine effects on boldness in male Siamese fighting fish

Drug-Induced Behavioral Changes: Using Laboratory Observations to Predict Field Observations

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