Fluvastatin Ameliorates the Hyperhomocysteinemia-Induced Endothelial Dysfunction-The Antioxidative Properties of Fluvastatin-

Polymorphism of Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Gene (C677T MTHFR) is Not a Confounding Factor of the Relationship Between Serum Uric Acid Level and the Prevalence of Hypertension in Japanese Men

“…37 Recently, antioxidants such as vitamin E and fluvastatin have become important therapies in homocysteine-induced atherosclerosis caused by oxidative stress. 24 Therefore, our results are compatible with many other clinical and epidemiological studies. [1][2][3][4]25 In addition, our study showed no significant interactive effect of MTHFR mutation and serum UA level with BP (MBP, SBP, or DBP), even after multiple adjustment for age, BMI, daily smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, animal protein intake, serum creatinine, serum folate, and serum vitamin B12.…”

“…Although we considered several confounding factors, including renal function, and lifestyle-related, nutritional and environmental factors, some limitations of this study are (i) the crosssectional structure and (ii) the possibility that diuretic medication in the hypertensive subjects may have elevated the serum UA level and (iii) antioxidants supplements may also have affected the serum homocysteine concentration in the hypertensive subjects as well as the incidence of vascular complications. 24,26 Unfortunately, we could not adjust for diuretic medication and antioxidant supplements when we analyzed for a relationship between serum UA and the prevalence of HT or BP because we did not have those data. Therefore, more longitudinal studies in the Japanese population should be conducted to take into account in several confounding factors.…”

Relationship Between Plasma Homocysteine Levels and Congestive Heart Failure in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction Homocysteine and Congestive Heart Failure

“…[3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] Many issues regarding the mechanism of action of homocysteine in the pathogenesis of arteriosclerosis and thrombotic diseases remain unclear. However, possible causes include vascular endothelial dysfunction, [17][18][19][20][21][22] smooth muscle cell growth, [23][24][25] and an increase in blood clotting activity in vascular walls. 26,27) Elevated homocysteine levels may promote heart failure through 4 potential mechanisms.…”

“…Furthermore, homocysteine may cause myocardial ischemia in the absence of myocardial infarction by promoting endothelial dysfunction. [17][18][19][20][21][22] Second, elevated homocysteine levels are related to high troponin levels in patients with acute coronary syndrome, 28) suggesting that homocysteine might worsen myocardial injury. Third, homocysteine increases oxidative stress, a factor known to promote myocardial dysfunction.…”

Beneficial Effects of Donepezil on Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction-Associated Dementia Induced by L-Methionine in Rats

“…10) Furthermore, since the major mechanism suggested for the adverse effect of homocysteine on vascular function involves oxidative stress 39) and statins including atorvastatin have been reported to exert beneficial effect on Hhcy via their potential anti-oxidative property. 39,40) Therefore atorvastatin-induced improvement of endothelial dysfunction may be attributed to its stimulatory effect on endothelial NO production and its antioxidative action.…”