Fluvial dynamics of the Žitava River, SW Slovakia, during the last 45 ka BP and their influence on Early Bronze Age human occupation

Nowaczinski, Erich; Schukraft, Gerd; Keller, Christina; Hecht, Stefan; Eitel, Bernhard; Bubenzer, Olaf

doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2014.09.005

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Nowaczinski et al (2015) interpreted an apparent hiatus in alluvial sedimentation in the Žitava valley from 14500 to 6500 cal. BP as reflecting constant vegetation cover, so the Vráble LBK settlements are not visible as erosion events (indeed, Nowaczinski et al, 2015 found no charcoals dating to the LBK period in their cores). Likewise, despite there being LBK settlements at Santovka, the arboreal/non-arboreal pollen ratio only decreases at c. 6650 cal.…”

Section: Paleoenvironmental Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Čierne Kľačany: Cheben, 2015, 114, Figure 3). In light of these numbers, it is perhaps surprising that the LBK settlers left no easily detectable signal in the paleoenvironmental record, such as charcoals in alluvial sediment (Nowaczinski et al, 2015).…”

Section: Chronological Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The only palaeoenvironmental data from Vráble are plant macrofossils from the excavations, which are not yet fully analysed. Nowaczinski et al (2015) analysed sedimentological changes in the Žitava near Vráble, but a waterlogged site spanning the LBK has not been found, so there is no relevant local pollen record. The closest multi-proxy palaeoenvironmental records are from near Santovka, 35 km east of Vráble (Šolcová et al, 2018), and Nová Vieska, 40 km south of Vráble (Jamrichová et al, 2014) (Figure 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The closest multi-proxy palaeoenvironmental records are from near Santovka, 35 km east of Vráble (Šolcová et al, 2018), and Nová Vieska, 40 km south of Vráble (Jamrichová et al, 2014) (Figure 1). Nowaczinski et al (2015) interpreted an apparent hiatus in alluvial sedimentation in the Žitava valley from 14500 to 6500 cal. BP as reflecting constant vegetation cover, so the Vráble LBK settlements are not visible as erosion events (indeed, Nowaczinski et al, 2015 found no charcoals dating to the LBK period in their cores).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temporal dynamics of Linearbandkeramik houses and settlements, and their implications for detecting the environmental impact of early farming

et al. 2019

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Long-held ideas concerning early Neolithic Linearbandkeramik (LBK) settlements in central Europe have been thoroughly challenged in recent years, for example, regarding their internal organisation or the use-life of individual houses. These topics have now also been addressed with the help of large radiocarbon (14C) datasets. In the light of this discussion, we present findings of our ongoing research at Vráble in south-western Slovakia. Intensive prospection by fieldwalking, geophysics and sedimentology, complemented by targeted excavations and archaeobotanical investigations, aims to unravel social and temporal relationships between three adjacent LBK settlements. A total of 23 of the c.300 houses revealed by geophysical prospection have been dated. Bayesian chronological modelling of this dataset, comprising 109 14C ages from 104 samples, indicates that the three LBK settlements at Vráble coexisted, and that overall the LBK settlement lasted for c. 200–300 years. Our results imply a ‘short’ use-life for individual houses (median c.20–30 y), suggesting that relatively few houses were inhabited simultaneously. Our data suggest that the overall LBK population at Vráble might have increased over the course of occupation, but probably never exceeded 200–300 individuals, based on the number of houses that could have been occupied contemporaneously. We compare the Vráble evidence with Bayesian chronologies for other LBK sites, and discuss the implications of these findings for models of population agglomeration and recognising the environmental impact of early farming communities.

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Section: Paleoenvironmental Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Chronological Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temporal dynamics of Linearbandkeramik houses and settlements, and their implications for detecting the environmental impact of early farming

et al. 2019

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“…The Holocene meanderings of the Žitava River led to lateral erosion of the loess accumulations it bordered. In this way, Fidvár's former area was significantly reduced (Nowaczinski et al ., submitted for publication). Since this region has a long history of human activity and agricultural use, natural soils are few and far between in and around the site of Fidvár.…”

Section: Site Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Multidimensional Research Strategy for the Evaluation of Settlement Pits: 3D Electrical Resistivity Tomography, Magnetic Prospection and Soil Chemistry

Nowaczinski

Schukraft

Rassmann

et al. 2015

Archaeological Prospection

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Irrespective of the region and time period, settlement pits are common features at archaeological sites. Variations in shape, size and fill reflect great diversity in terms of primary and secondary functions. Careful analysis of these aspects and a pit's refilling history yield key information for the reconstruction of economic, social and chronological aspects of settlement history. At present, it is unusual for a settlement site to undergo complete excavation; in most cases, only small areas within a larger settlement are opened to archaeological inquiry and, accordingly, only a scarce few pits can be excavated. Therefore, the application of a combination of new prospection methods can help to classify and preselect representative pits for subsequent excavation in order to guarantee the highest information output. The interdisciplinary investigations at the Early Bronze Age of Fidvár in Slovakia enabled the development of just such a multidimensional research strategy for the evaluation of settlement pits. Used in concert, magnetic survey and electromagnetic prospection delivered 2D data which revealed the locations of pits at the site. This was the basis for the 3D electrical resistivity tomography measurements which followed, enabling the three-dimensional reconstruction of prehistoric pits' geometries. Supplementary sedimentological and geochemical investigations of the pits' contents revealed important information about the pits' former functions as well as the mechanisms of the processes through which they were filled in. Thus, the integrated approach provides us with a new means of obtaining an overview of pit assemblages at archaeological sites in general and demonstrates its potential for the acquisition of valuable information about the food acquisition and storage processes at Fidvár in specific.

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Large Palaeomeanders in Europe: Distribution, Formation Process, Age, Environments and Significance

Vandenberghe

Sidorchuk

2019

Geography of the Physical Environment

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Fluvial dynamics of the Žitava River, SW Slovakia, during the last 45 ka BP and their influence on Early Bronze Age human occupation

Cited by 13 publications

References 28 publications

Temporal dynamics of Linearbandkeramik houses and settlements, and their implications for detecting the environmental impact of early farming

Temporal dynamics of Linearbandkeramik houses and settlements, and their implications for detecting the environmental impact of early farming

A Multidimensional Research Strategy for the Evaluation of Settlement Pits: 3D Electrical Resistivity Tomography, Magnetic Prospection and Soil Chemistry

Large Palaeomeanders in Europe: Distribution, Formation Process, Age, Environments and Significance

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