Fluvial processes in streams with vegetation

Tsujimoto, Tetsuro

doi:10.1080/00221689909498512

Cited by 192 publications

(135 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…•¬ (11) The value of a can be estimated by the relationship proposed by Stone and Shen (2002) •¬ (18) which were proposed by Rastogi and Rodi (1978) and Tsujimoto (1999), respectively.…”

Section: Governing Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Flow and sediment transport in emerging vegetated zone

Choi

Kang

Yeo

2003

Ecology and Civil Engineering

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Vegetation on the streambed increases the total resistance but decreases the bed shear stress. However, when the drag force term is not separated from the resistance term in the momentum equation, increasing the roughness coefficient due to vegetation may result in increasing the bed shear stress. This is not realistic and crucial to the accurate assess ment of sediment transported in the vegetated zone. This paper presents a 1D model for the simulation of flow and sediment transport in the emerging vegetated zone. The model consists of depth-averaged equations of continuity, momentum, turbulent kinetic energy, and its dissipation rate. The suspended load and bedload are estimated, and the bed elevation change is computed by solving the Exner's equation. The model is validated through com parisons with experimental observations. Then, the model is applied to predict the morpho logical change of the emerging vegetated zone in response to the flood. The developed model can be used to the management of vegetated islands within watercourse made natu rally which are important to river restoration projects nowadays.

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Section: Governing Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Presence of vegetation in the watercourse increases the resistance but reduces the bottom shear stress (Tsujimoto 1999). This is important to the prediction of sediment transport in the vegetated zone.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flow and sediment transport in emerging vegetated zone

Choi

Kang

Yeo

2003

Ecology and Civil Engineering

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“…Vertical areas along bank at margins of active channel; wetted inundation slightly above baseflow [262,272].…”

Section: Local Hydraulic Dead Zone At Marginsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These areas develop as flows interact with the channel morphology including planform sinuosity, floodplain-channel morphology, bed topography and large roughness elements influencing the 3D hydraulic characteristics [71,128,135,137,253,262,[270][271][272][273].…”

Section: Mesohabitat Units At High-flow Stagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…elements influencing the 3D hydraulic characteristics [71,128,135,137,253,262,[270][271][272][273]. Three hydraulic categories were used to classify high-flow mesohabitat units; they include: (1) the high-velocity corridor within the active channel, (2) low-velocity areas along the active channel margins and (3) low-velocity areas at the channel-floodplain interface [253].…”

Section: Mesohabitat Units At High-flow Stagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Use of Ecohydraulic-Based Mesohabitat Classification and Fish Species Traits for Stream Restoration Design

Schwartz

2016

Water

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Stream restoration practice typically relies on a geomorphological design approach in which the integration of ecological criteria is limited and generally qualitative, although the most commonly stated project objective is to restore biological integrity by enhancing habitat and water quality. Restoration has achieved mixed results in terms of ecological successes and it is evident that improved methodologies for assessment and design are needed. A design approach is suggested for mesohabitat restoration based on a review and integration of fundamental processes associated with: (1) lotic ecological concepts; (2) applied geomorphic processes for mesohabitat self-maintenance; (3) multidimensional hydraulics and habitat suitability modeling; (4) species functional traits correlated with fish mesohabitat use; and (5) multi-stage ecohydraulics-based mesohabitat classification. Classification of mesohabitat units demonstrated in this article were based on fish preferences specifically linked to functional trait strategies (i.e., feeding resting, evasion, spawning, and flow refugia), recognizing that habitat preferences shift by season and flow stage. A multi-stage classification scheme developed under this premise provides the basic "building blocks" for ecological design criteria for stream restoration. The scheme was developed for Midwest US prairie streams, but the conceptual framework for mesohabitat classification and functional traits analysis can be applied to other ecoregions.

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Mean and turbulent velocity fields near rigid and flexible plants and the implications for deposition

Ortiz

Ashton

Nepf

2013

J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf.

117

125

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[1] The transport of fine sediment and organic matter plays an important role in the nutrient dynamics of shallow aquatic systems, and the fate of these particles is closely linked to vegetation. We describe the mean and turbulent flow near circular patches of synthetic vegetation and examine how the spatial distribution of flow is connected to the spatial distribution of suspended sediment deposition. Patches of rigid, emergent, and flexible, submerged vegetation were considered, with two different stem densities. For the rigid emergent vegetation, flow adjustment was primarily two-dimensional, with flow deflected in the horizontal plane. Horizontal shear layers produced a von Kármán vortex street. Flow through the patch shifted the vortex street downstream, resulting in a region directly downstream of the patch in which both the mean and turbulent velocities were diminished. Net deposition was enhanced within this region. In contrast, for the flexible, submerged vegetation, flow adjustment was three-dimensional, with shear layers formed in the vertical and horizontal planes. Because of strong vertical circulation, turbulent kinetic energy was elevated directly downstream of the patch. Consistent with this, deposition was not enhanced at any point in the wake. This comparison suggests that morphological feedbacks differ between submerged and emergent vegetation.

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Fluvial processes in streams with vegetation

Cited by 192 publications

References 3 publications

Flow and sediment transport in emerging vegetated zone

Flow and sediment transport in emerging vegetated zone

Use of Ecohydraulic-Based Mesohabitat Classification and Fish Species Traits for Stream Restoration Design

Mean and turbulent velocity fields near rigid and flexible plants and the implications for deposition

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