Flux growth and properties of KTiOPO4

Jacco, J.C.; Loiacono, G. M.; Jaso, M. A.; Mizell, Gregory J.; Greenberg, B.

doi:10.1016/0022-0248(84)90306-3

Cited by 114 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Liquid phase epitaxy (LPE) is the technique used in the present work to grow 2D ordered crystal structures of KTP. Given that KTP melts incongruently we used hydrothermal and flux-growth methods [26,27]. The 2D KTP photonic structures are grown using a homoepitaxial process on a KTP substrate dipped in a solution formed by the mixing of K 2 O, P 2 O, TiO 2 , and WO 3 with the mol % composition of K 2 O/P 2 O 5 /TiO 2 /WO 3 = 42:14:14:30.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Two‐Dimensional KTiOPO₄ Photonic Crystal Grown Using a Macroporous Silicon Template

et al. 2006

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Photonic crystals (PCs) are an ideal framework to control optical nonlinear interactions. Since 1995, it has been shown that within a PC one may enhance, [1][2][3] phase match, [4,5] or hold a non-vanishing second-order interaction even if the material is centrosymmetric. [6] More recently, it has been pointed out that the structuring of the dielectric together with modulation of the second-order nonlinear susceptibility may lead to a backward parametric oscillation, [7] a nonlinear effect predicted many years ago that has not yet been observed. All such control over the nonlinear interaction is possible in 1D, 2D, or 3D PCs. Among them, 2D photonic structures are, perhaps, the most interesting, because such structures could, in principle, be easier to integrate into optoelectronic devices meant for light amplification, light generation at other frequencies, optical-data processing, or any kind of sensing. [8][9][10][11] The fabrication of 2D PCs using top-down procedures such as electron-beam lithography has been applied successfully in several kinds of semiconductors. [12][13][14] Unfortunately, patterning of inorganic crystals applying, for instance, focused-ionbeam bombardment and subsequent reactive-ion etching is limited to small depth/diameter ratios. [15] Developing procedures that would be more efficient in patterning inorganic crystals is very interesting for the fabrication of new light modulators that could take full advantage of the nonlinear optic and electro-optic coefficients of such materials. [16] On the other hand, neither the viability nor cost-effectiveness of integrating some very expensive nonlinear semiconductors in silicon-based devices have been clearly demonstrated. There are alternative routes to pattern inorganic nonlinear optical materials, such as KTiOPO 4 (KTP) or LiNbO 3 routes based on a periodical poling followed by a selective domain etching.[17]Although periodical poling has been applied with different degrees of success to obtain 1D arrays with a sub-micrometer period in some nonlinear materials, [18] it is still difficult to accurately control the size of small domains. Moreover, after poling one ends up with a stand-alone sample that would, certainly, be difficult to embed in any silicon-based device. We present here a completely novel combination of both topdown and bottom-up approaches to grow 2D PCs of KTP. These crystals are grown in ordered macroporous silicon templates. An additional benefit of such an approach is that, while being simple, the silicon matrix and the structured nonlinear material, which would eventually be used to modulate or generate light, forms an integral unit. To fabricate such a hybrid structure, an ordered silicon matrix of air holes and a KTP substrate were kept closely bound in a growth solution of KTP. We observed that KTP columns grew inside the air holes of the silicon matrix following the crystalline orientation of the substrate. Finally, the potential of the 2D array of KTP columns to control the nonlinear interaction was demonstrated by ...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Two‐Dimensional KTiOPO₄ Photonic Crystal Grown Using a Macroporous Silicon Template

et al. 2006

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“…To date, other groups have successfully grown KTP crystals with K 6 P 4 O 13 as a conventional flux [4,15]. However, a major disadvantage of the polyphosphate flux is its high viscosity, which is dependent on the solution temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adopted as a standard for many industrial and medical applications, KTP possesses a vast array of properties such as high thermal stability, good mechanical characteristics, transparency over a large wavelength range, large nonlinear-optical coefficients, high damage threshold, and broad angular acceptance [1][2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth and properties of KTP crystals from a new flux

2009

Journal of Crystal Growth

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“…It possesses many important properties such as high thermal stability, good mechanical characteristics, transparency over a large wavelength range, large nonlinear-optical coefficients, high damage threshold, and broad angular acceptance spectral bandwidth [1][2][3][4]. Their figures of merit for an electro optic wave guide is nearly double that of any known inorganic material, which makes KTP a potential lowloss optic wave guide material [5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth of Pure and Mo Doped Potassium Titanyl Phosphate (KTP) Crystals:Influence of KTP/Flux Ratios on the Growth Morphology

Gandhi¹,

Vijayalakshmi²,

Rathnakumari³

et al. 2011

JMMCE

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Pure and Molybdenum (Mo) doped Potassium Titanyl Phosphate (KTP) inorganic crystals were grown by high temperature solution growth (HTSG) from poly phosphate (K 6 P 4 O 13 ) flux using different KTP/Flux ratios. The pure and doped KTP crystals of size 20x13x5 mm 3 and 7x5x2.5 mm 3 respectively were grown successfully by spontaneous nucleation. The grown crystals were characterized by XRD, UV, FTIR and Hardness studies. Micro hardness studies show that the pure crystals are harder than the Mo doped crystals.

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Flux growth and properties of KTiOPO4

Cited by 114 publications

References 3 publications

A Two‐Dimensional KTiOPO₄ Photonic Crystal Grown Using a Macroporous Silicon Template

A Two‐Dimensional KTiOPO₄ Photonic Crystal Grown Using a Macroporous Silicon Template

Growth and properties of KTP crystals from a new flux

Growth of Pure and Mo Doped Potassium Titanyl Phosphate (KTP) Crystals:Influence of KTP/Flux Ratios on the Growth Morphology

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Flux growth and properties of KTiOPO4

Cited by 114 publications

References 3 publications

A Two‐Dimensional KTiOPO4 Photonic Crystal Grown Using a Macroporous Silicon Template

A Two‐Dimensional KTiOPO4 Photonic Crystal Grown Using a Macroporous Silicon Template

Growth and properties of KTP crystals from a new flux

Growth of Pure and Mo Doped Potassium Titanyl Phosphate (KTP) Crystals:Influence of KTP/Flux Ratios on the Growth Morphology

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A Two‐Dimensional KTiOPO₄ Photonic Crystal Grown Using a Macroporous Silicon Template

A Two‐Dimensional KTiOPO₄ Photonic Crystal Grown Using a Macroporous Silicon Template