Flux tubes in the SU(3) vacuum: London penetration depth and coherence length

Cea, Paolo; Cosmai, Leonardo; Cuteri, Francesca; Papa, Alessandro

doi:10.1103/physrevd.89.094505

Cited by 56 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Such behavior, however, appears to be non-generic: for example, in non-Abelian lattice gauge theories typically m 0 / √ σ remains constant when the lattice spacing tends to zero (up to small discretization artifacts). As a consequence, rigid-string effects may be present in the infrared regime of SU(N ) gauge theories -and could perhaps explain some fine deviations from the Nambu-Goto string, that have been observed in recent simulations [13][14][15], as well as the London penetration term in the string width [63,64]-but there is no reason to expect them to be dominant.…”

Section: Jhep01(2015)105mentioning

confidence: 99%

A different kind of string

Caselle

Panero

Pellegrini

et al. 2015

J. High Energ. Phys.

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In U(1) lattice gauge theory in three spacetime dimensions, the problem of confinement can be studied analytically in a semi-classical approach, in terms of a gas of monopoles with Coulomb-like interactions. In addition, this theory can be mapped to a spin model via an exact duality transformation, which allows one to perform highprecision numerical studies of the confining potential. Taking advantage of these properties, we carried out an accurate investigation of the effective string describing the low-energy properties of flux tubes in this confining gauge theory. We found striking deviations from the expected Nambu-Goto-like behavior, and, for the first time, evidence for contributions that can be described by a term proportional to the extrinsic curvature of the effective string worldsheet. Such term is allowed by Lorentz invariance, and its presence in the infrared regime of the U(1) model was indeed predicted by Polyakov several years ago. Our results show that this term scales as expected according to Polyakov's solution, and becomes the dominant contribution to the effective string action in the continuum limit. We also demonstrate analytically that the corrections to the confining potential induced by the extrinsic curvature term can be related to the partition function of the massive perturbation of a c = 1 bosonic conformal field theory. The implications of our results for SU(N ) Yang-Mills theories in three and in four spacetime dimensions are discussed.

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Section: Jhep01(2015)105mentioning

confidence: 99%

A different kind of string

Caselle

Panero

Pellegrini

et al. 2015

J. High Energ. Phys.

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“…The lattice formulation of QCD allows us to investigate the color confinement phenomenon within a nonperturbative framework. It is known since long from lattice numerical simulations, that tubelike structures emerge by analyzing the chromoelectric fields between static quarks [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Such tubelike structures naturally lead to a linear potential between static color charges and, consequently, to a direct numerical evidence of color confinement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flux Tubes in QCD with (2+1) HISQ Fermions

Cea¹,

Cosmai²,

Cuteri³

et al. 2017

Proceedings of 34th Annual International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory — PoS(LATTICE2016)

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We investigate the transverse profile of the chromoelectric field generated by a quark-antiquark pair in the vacuum of (2+1) flavor QCD. Monte Carlo simulations are performed adopting the HISQ/tree action discretization, as implemented in the publicly available MILC code, suitably modified to measure the chromoelectric field. We work on the line of constant physics, with physical strange quark mass m s and light to strange mass ratio m l /m s = 1/20. 34th annual International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory

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“…In the case of the group SU(N ), the corresponding dual Abelian Higgs model allows one to describe confinement of particles which are charged with respect to the maximal Abelian [U (1)] N −1 -subgroup of SU(N ) 2 . The dedicated lattice simulations [2,3,6,7,[16][17][18] indicate that the transverse-distance dependence of the chromo-electric field in the QCD flux tube is indeed very similar to that of the magnetic field in Abrikosov vortices, which is known from the theory of type-II superconductors [8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…µν , and S is some surface bounded by the contour C. Using further the above expression for F (n) µν , along with the quantization condition m = 4π 18 , we can represent…”

Section: Su(n ) Georgi-glashow Model: Area Law and K-string Tensions mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Monopole-Based Scenarios of Confinement and Deconfinement in 3D and 4D

Bellettre

2017

Universe

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This review discusses confinement, as well as the topological and critical phenomena, in the gauge theories which provide the condensation of magnetic monopoles. These theories include the 3D SU(N ) Georgi-Glashow model, the 4D [U(1)] N −1 -invariant compact QED , and the [U(1)] N −1 -invariant dual Abelian Higgs model. After a general introduction to the string models of confinement, an analytic description of this penomenon is provided at the example of the 3D SU(N ) Georgi-Glashow model, with a special emphasis placed on the so-called Casimir scaling of k-string tensions in that model. We further discuss the string representation of the 3D [U(1)] N −1 -invariant compact QED, as well as of its 4D generalization with the inclusion of the Θ-term. We compare topological effects, which appear in the latter case, with those that take place in the 3D QED extended by the Chern-Simons term. We further discuss the string representation of the 't Hooft-loop average in the [U(1)] N −1 -invariant dual Abelian Higgs model extended by the Θ-term, along with the topological effects caused by this term. These topological effects are compared with those occurring in the 3D dual Abelian Higgs model (i.e., the dual Landau-Ginzburg theory) extended by the Chern-Simons term. In the second part of the review, we discuss critical properties of the weakly-coupled 3D confining theories. These theories include the 3D compact QED, along with its fermionic extension, and the 3D Georgi-Glashow model. Keywords: magnetic monopoles; Abelian-type models of confinement; string representation of the Wilson-and the 't Hooft-loop averages; Aharonov-Bohm and other topological effects; Casimir scaling of k-string tensions; critical properties of the 3D weakly coupled confining theories Topological Effects in the Abelian-Type Confining Theories IntroductionIn this review, we discuss various non-perturbative phenomena that take place in the Abelian-type confining gauge theories. We start this discussion with recalling some basic facts about confinement, the large-distance static quark-antiquark potential associated with it, and the related models of the confining string. As is well known, because of confinement in QCD, quarks and gluons do not exist as individual particles, but appear only in the form of bound states (for recent reviews, see [1][2][3]). The latter include mesons, baryons, glueballs, and the so-called hybrids consisting of a quark, an antiquark, and one or several gluons. Confining interactions that take place between the constituents of the bound states, can occur through string-like Euclidean configurations of the Yang-Mills field. Such effective strings can be viewed as the microscopic tubes that carry fluxes of the gauge field from one constituent to another, which is the reason for calling them "the QCD flux tubes" [4][5][6][7]. Similar flux tubes, called Abrikosov vortices [8,9] (for a relativistic generalization, see [10]), exist in type-II superconductors, in which case they represent stable cylindrically-symmetric s...

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Flux tubes in the SU(3) vacuum: London penetration depth and coherence length

Cited by 56 publications

References 52 publications

A different kind of string

A different kind of string

Flux Tubes in QCD with (2+1) HISQ Fermions

Monopole-Based Scenarios of Confinement and Deconfinement in 3D and 4D

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