Fluxes of nitrous oxide and methane on an abandoned peat extraction site: Effect of reed canary grass cultivation

Hyvönen, Niina; Huttunen, Jari T.; Shurpali, Narasinha J.; Tavi, Niina M.; Repo, Maija E.; Martikainen, Pertti J.

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2009.04.043

Cited by 49 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…However, annual fluxes were higher in bare soil (0.6 to 2.1 g N 2 O m −2 yr −1 ) as compared to RCG treatments. Thus, RCG decreased the annual N 2 O emissions, contradictory to the finding of Hyvönen et al (2009), where fertilization in RCG increased the N 2 O emissions by 90 % as compared to bare soil. However, in the study by Hyvönen et al (2009), N 2 O emissions were quite low (0.01 g N 2 O m −2 yr −1 ) from the soil without vegetation.…”

Section: N 2 O Emissionscontrasting

confidence: 82%

“…Thus, RCG decreased the annual N 2 O emissions, contradictory to the finding of Hyvönen et al (2009), where fertilization in RCG increased the N 2 O emissions by 90 % as compared to bare soil. However, in the study by Hyvönen et al (2009), N 2 O emissions were quite low (0.01 g N 2 O m −2 yr −1 ) from the soil without vegetation. Their site was an abandoned peatland (Hyvönen et al, 2009) probably with limited nitrification because of a high C / N ratio (42.3) (Klemedtsson et al, 2005) compared to our peat soil with rich N content (3.2 %) and a low C / N ratio (11.6).…”

Section: N 2 O Emissionscontrasting

confidence: 82%

“…Drained peatlands are major sources of CO 2 emissions and estimated to account for about 6 % of the total anthropogenic CO 2 emission (Joosten, 2009). In order to reduce the large emissions of CO 2 from drained peatlands, extensive rewetting projects have been implemented in Europe and North America (Höper et al, 2008), and rewetted organic soils have been included in the guidelines for national greenhouse gas (GHG) inventories by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC, 2014). In addition, agricultural use of wet and rewetted peatlands for crop growth (paludiculture) is considered as a possible land use option that may indirectly reduce the CO 2 emissions by biomass production for energy purposes (Joosten et al, 2012;Günther et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the natural state, GHG emissions from peatlands are predominantly controlled by the position (depth) of the water table (IPCC, 2014). Basically, due to slow diffusion of oxygen in water (10 000 times slower than in air), ground water level (GWL) has a strong control on the oxic/anoxic soil boundary and thereby on the biogeochemical processes involved in GHG fluxes (Dinsmore et al, 2009;Karki et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of reed canary grass cultivation on greenhouse gas emission from peat soil at controlled rewetting

2015

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Abstract. Cultivation of bioenergy crops in rewetted peatland (paludiculture) is considered as a possible land use option to mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, bioenergy crops like reed canary grass (RCG) can have a complex influence on GHG fluxes. Here we determined the effect of RCG cultivation on GHG emission from peatland rewetted to various extents. Mesocosms were manipulated to three different ground water levels (GWLs), i.e. 0, −10 and −20 cm below the soil surface in a controlled semi-field facility. Emissions of CO 2 (ecosystem respiration, ER), CH 4 and N 2 O from mesocosms with RCG and bare soil were measured at weekly to fortnightly intervals with static chamber techniques for a period of 1 year. Cultivation of RCG increased both ER and CH 4 emissions, but decreased the N 2 O emissions. The presence of RCG gave rise to 69, 75 and 85 % of total ER at −20, −10 and 0 cm GWL, respectively. However, this difference was due to decreased soil respiration at the rising GWL as the plant-derived CO 2 flux was similar at all three GWLs. For methane, 70-95 % of the total emission was due to presence of RCG, with the highest contribution at −20 cm GWL. In contrast, cultivation of RCG decreased N 2 O emission by 33-86 % with the major reductions at −10 and −20 cm GWL. In terms of global warming potential, the increase in CH 4 emissions due to RCG cultivation was more than offset by the decrease in N 2 O emissions at −10 and −20 cm GWL; at 0 cm GWL the CH 4 emissions was offset only by 23 %. CO 2 emissions from ER were obviously the dominant RCG-derived GHG flux, but aboveground biomass yields, and preliminary measurements of gross photosynthetic production, showed that ER could be more than balanced due to the photosynthetic uptake of CO 2 by RCG. Our results support that RCG cultivation could be a good land use option in terms of mitigating GHG emission from rewetted peatlands, potentially turning these ecosystems into a sink of atmospheric CO 2 .

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Section: N 2 O Emissionscontrasting

confidence: 82%

Section: N 2 O Emissionscontrasting

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of reed canary grass cultivation on greenhouse gas emission from peat soil at controlled rewetting

2015

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“…Contrasting results have been reported on how the presence of plants potentially influences N 2 O fluxes. For instance, no significant alterations on N 2 O emissions by Phalaris arundinacea was reported by Rückauf et al (2004), whereas the presence of the Phalaris arundinacea increased the annual N 2 O emissions from approximately 65 to 650 g N 2 O-N ha −1 yr −1 compared to unplanted peat soil in Finland (Hyvoenen et al 2009). Similar to our study, decreased N 2 O fluxes compared to unplanted controls were also observed in artificial wetlands of Sweden and Canada (Johansson et al 2003;Maltais-Landry et al 2009).…”

Section: Impact Of Shoot Clipping and Root Exclusion On Ch 4 Fluxesmentioning

confidence: 93%

Plant-mediated methane and nitrous oxide fluxes from a carex meadow in Poyang Lake during drawdown periods

Cai

Yao

et al. 2015

Plant Soil

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Aims Plants have been suggested to have significant effects on methane (CH 4 ) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) fluxes from littoral wetlands, but it remains unclear in subtropical lakes. Methods We conducted in situ measurement of CH 4 and N 2 O fluxes for two years. To distinguish between the effects of shoots and roots, three treatments (i.e., intact plants as control, shoot clipping, and root exclusion) were used. Effects of plant biomass, temperature, and soil moisture on CH 4 and N 2 O fluxes were analyzed. Results The mean ecosystem CH 4 emission rate was 36 μg CH 4 m −2 h −1 for drying periods, but 8219 μg CH 4 m −2 h −1 for drying-wetting transition periods. CH 4 fluxes were positively correlated with below-ground and total biomass, but not with above-ground biomass. Clipping did not significantly alter CH 4 flux rate, but root exclusion decreased the CH 4 flux by 116 % as compared to the control. N 2 O emissions were similar for both the drying and drying-wetting transition periods, with a mean rate of 20 μg N 2 O m −2 h −1 . Both clipping and root exclusion significantly increased N 2 O fluxes as compared to the control. Conclusions There was no significant correlation between CH 4 and N 2 O fluxes. Roots dominated plantmediated enhancement in CH 4 fluxes, but played almost an equal role as shoots in plant-regulated suppression on N 2 O fluxes in this Carex meadow during drawdown periods.

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Greenhouse Gas Balance in Disturbed Peatlands

Alm¹,

Byrne²,

Hayes³

et al. 2011

Soil Carbon in Sensitive European Ecosystems

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Fluxes of nitrous oxide and methane on an abandoned peat extraction site: Effect of reed canary grass cultivation

Cited by 49 publications

References 24 publications

Effect of reed canary grass cultivation on greenhouse gas emission from peat soil at controlled rewetting

Effect of reed canary grass cultivation on greenhouse gas emission from peat soil at controlled rewetting

Plant-mediated methane and nitrous oxide fluxes from a carex meadow in Poyang Lake during drawdown periods

Greenhouse Gas Balance in Disturbed Peatlands

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