Fly Prepupae as a Feedstuff for Rainbow Trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss

Abstract

Fly larvae may provide an effective method to mitigate two large and growing global concerns: the use of fish meal derived from capture fisheries in aquaculture diets and manure management in livestock and poultry facilities. A 9‐wk feed trial was conducted to determine whether fly larvae could be used as a partial fish meal and fish oil replacement in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, diets. A trout diet was formulated to contain 40% crude protein and 15% fat. Sixty‐seven percent of the protein in the control diet was derived from fish meal, and all the fat was derived from fish oil. Two of the test diets included using the black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens, prepupae, which are 40% protein and 30% fat, as 25 and 50% replacement for the fish meal component of the control diet. The total protein derived from black soldier fly prepupae in these two test diets was 15 and 34%, respectively. A third test diet included using housefly, Musca domestica, pupae, which is 70% protein and 16% fat, as 25% replacement for the fish meal component of the control diet. Data suggest that a rainbow trout diet where black soldier fly prepupae or housefly pupae constitute 15% of the total protein has no adverse effect on the feed conversion ratio of fish over a 9‐wk feeding period. In addition, the diet with black soldier fly prepupae permitted a 38% reduction in fish oil (i.e., from 13 to 8%); however, fish fed black soldier fly diets low in fish oil had reduced levels of omega‐3 fatty acids in their muscle fillets. The findings from this study suggest that either the black soldier fly or the housefly may be a suitable feedstuff for rainbow trout diets.

Edible insects are the future?

“…Other livestock and fish species that have shown positive results by feeding them meal of different insect species such as Black soldier fly, Domesticated house fly, the Oriental latrine fly Chrysomya megacephala (Diptera: Calliphoridae), Yellow mealworm, the Domesticated silkworm Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) and the Variegated grasshopper Zonocerus variegatus (Orthoptera: Pyrgomorphidae) are: broiler chickens (56,57) ; tilapia (55,58,59) , African giant snail (Achatina spp.) (60) , African catfish Clarias gariepinus (61)(62)(63)(64)(65)(66)(67) ; and Rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (68,69) .…”

Recent advances in role of insects as alternative protein source in poultry nutrition

“…Proximate analysis of BSF larvae contained 41.1-43.6% crude protein (CP), 15.0-34.8% ether extract (EE), 7.0% crude fibre (CF), 14.6-28.4% ash and 5278.49 kcal/kg gross energy (GE) on DM basis (Arango Gutierrez et al 2004;St-Hilaire et al 2007). Arango Gutierrez et al (2004) reported that larvae are rich in calcium (Ca; 5-8% DM) and phosphorus (P; 0.6-1.5% DM), however, other minerals profile is potassium (K; 0.69% DM), sodium (Na; 0.13% DM), magnesium (Mg; 0.39% DM), iron (Fe; 0.14% DM), manganese (Mn; 246 mg/kg DM), zinc (Zn; 108 mg/kg DM) and copper (Cu; 6.0 mg/kg DM).…”

“…Total lipid content also increased from 21% to 30% DM. Feeding BSF larvae reared on cow manure and 22% of fish offal within 24 h of their pupation was sufficient for a substantial enrichment in polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), especially in docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid (St-Hilaire et al 2007). Recently, Maurer et al (2016) reported that dried full-fat BSF larvae meal contained 41.5% CP, 26.5% EE, 4.3% ash, 0.80% Ca, 0.50% P, 0.08% Na and 0.33% chloride while dried partly-defatted BSF larvae meal consisted 59.0% CP, 11.0% EE, 5.0% ash, 0.98% Ca, 0.63% P, 0.08% Na and 0.28% chloride .…”

Black soldier fly as dietary protein source for broiler quails: apparent digestibility, excreta microbial load, feed choice, performance, carcass and meat traits

“…They have a high dry matter (DM) content (35% to 45%), they are rich in lysine (6% to 8% of the CP), Ca (5% to 8% DM) and P (0.6% to 1.5% DM) (Makkar et al, 2014). Black soldier fly larvae are also rich in fat which has an extreme quantitative (15% to 49%) and qualitative variability depending on the chemical composition of the rearing substrate (St-Hilaire et al, 2007).…”