Flying Flags of Fear: The Role of Fear in the Process of Political Transition

Hamber, Brandon

doi:10.1080/14754830500485924

Cited by 24 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Monuments can also work to reconstruct history and to prevent future human rights violations (Hamber & Wilson, 2002). However, Hamber (2006) has noted that repartitions (and other forms of restorative justice) have an 'ambivalent' psychological consequence for the victim. More specifically, repartitions, symbolic or otherwise, will not compensate for the loss of a loved one and, therefore, are inherently limited in their effect.…”

Section: Certainty Needs Truth and Justicementioning

confidence: 97%

“…Hamber, Hamber & Wilson, 2002;De Greiff, 2006). This includes financial repatriations and monuments that can serve as a symbolic acknowledgement of past injustices in the absence of criminal convictions (Hamber, 2006). Symbolic representations can work to 'redirect blame' and relieve the issue of moral ambiguity about who is responsible for past injustices (Hamber & Wilson, 2002).…”

Section: Certainty Needs Truth and Justicementioning

confidence: 98%

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The meaning maintenance model and the victims of the ‘Troubles’: a needs-based theoretical review of the social psychological literature on Northern Ireland

Joyce

Lynch

2015

Behavioral Sciences of Terrorism and Political Aggression

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Despite the widespread acknowledgement that the needs of those affected by the conflict in Northern Ireland are complex and enduring, there is relatively little empirical scrutiny of these issues in the psychological literature. This is not to say that individuals' needs have been overlooked entirely in this context; rather, we argue that the underlying theoretical focus is somewhat variable. To this end, we have used illustrative examples from the social psychological literature, as well as policy documents, to examine the applicability of needs-based theoretical models in social psychology in this context, focusing particularly on 'affirmative' and 'certainty' needs. This review reveals some of the complexities that emerged with the application of needs-based theoretical models to the nonnormative contexts of peace transition in Northern Ireland. This paper suggests some potential challenges to the static notion of victims' needs in this context and suggests a potential avenue for future research. IntroductionNeeds-based theoretical models have been used to explain the range of universal needs experienced by individuals and/or groups of individuals, as well as the difficulties that arise from the frustration of these needs. In this article, we will apply a needs-based model to the literature which exists on victims of the conflict in Northern Ireland (NI), and in doing so, we will suggest one potential avenue for the integration of existing literature and the application to future research. We will firstly provide a brief outline of needs-based theories in the social psychological literature. Secondly, focusing on the Meaning Maintenance Model (MMM), we will discuss how two particular needs outlined in the model apply to the social psychological literature in NI. Following this, we will provide examples from the literature to illustrate the interconnectedness of victims' needs in the context of NI. Finally, we will suggest a potential avenue for future research based on observations from the literature, brought into relief through the application of a needs-based model.The conflict in NI, known colloquially as 'The Troubles', was fought between Loyalist and Republican paramilitary forces and the British state. Over a 30-year period, over 3700 individuals were killed and infinitely more were injured as a result

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Section: Certainty Needs Truth and Justicementioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Certainty Needs Truth and Justicementioning

confidence: 98%

The meaning maintenance model and the victims of the ‘Troubles’: a needs-based theoretical review of the social psychological literature on Northern Ireland

Joyce

Lynch

2015

Behavioral Sciences of Terrorism and Political Aggression

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“…This is similar to the engagement with the Israel-Palestine conflict in other parts of the world. In Northern Ireland, Catholic Republicans expressed solidarity with Palestinians through mural graffiti and by flying the Palestinian flag, while pro-UK Unionists adopted the Israeli flag (Hamber 2006;Hill and White 2008;Rolston 2004). Juxtaposing the Northern Irish and the Indonesian cases suggests that globalized symbols can have different local meanings.…”

Section: 2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Travelling with the Idea of Taking Sides

Lücking

2019

Bijdr. taal-, land- volkenkd.

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Israel and Indonesia share no diplomatic relations, and considering Indonesia’s cordial bonds with the Palestinian Authority, Indonesian society is deemed to be critical of Israel. However, the ways in which Indonesians relate to ‘Others’ in Israel and Palestine are not monolithic. Indonesian perspectives on the Middle East are far more nuanced, as might be assumed from the largest Muslim society in the world, and the idea of ‘taking sides’ is challenged by encounters on the ground and by inter- and intra-religious rivalries. Contemporary pilgrimage tourism from Indonesia to Israel and the Palestinian Territories shows how Christian and Muslim Indonesians engage in conflictive identity politics through contrasting images of Israeli and Palestinian Others. Indonesian pilgrims’ viewpoints on these Others and on the Israel–Palestine conflict mirror the politicization and marketization of religious affiliation. This reveals peculiarities of the local engagement with global politics and the impact of travelling, which can inspire both the manifestation of enemy images and the blurring of identity markers.

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“…To adequately critique the two endeavors is beyond the scope of this paper. Those who are interested in pursuing the subject further would be well rewarded by immersing themselves in the rigorous scholarship of writers from such different disciplinary perspectives as the clinical psychologist and former researcher for the TRC, Brandon Hamber (2002, 2003; the anthropologist and long-time researcher about the TRC Richard Wilson [2001; as well as the work of Hamber and Wilson (2002)], the psychologists Kaminer et al (2001); human rights activists and the directors of the Human Rights Center at the University of California, Berkeley, Stover and Weinstein (2004) among others. I will, however briefl y, describe some of the principal elements and points of controversy about truth commissions and war crimes trials in the interest of understanding how these processes affect the survivor-witnessesboth perpetrators and victims -who participate in them.…”

Section: Psychological Falloutmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To paraphrase Humphrey, in the context of war, violence toward "victims is never about them just as individuals, but as politically selected victims, as political signs" (2002, p. 27 emphasis added. See also Hamber, 2003). In using her testimony as the basis for national recovery the objectifi cation of the victim continues.…”

Section: Res Publica/res Privatamentioning

confidence: 99%

Obliterating the Other: what can be repaired by “truth” and testimony?

Thomas

2009

Appl Psychoanal Studies

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You can live comfortably with the details once they have acquired academic relevance. (Krog, 1999, p. 112) Minja 1 is 57 years old though she looks far older. She is a stout woman now, but in 1993 when she was released from the concentration camp she weighed barely 70 pounds. As the Bosnian Serb military attacked their town, Minja, her husband and their three children took refuge in the surrounding snow-covered woods. Soon after, she became separated from her husband and teen-aged son. Minja, her 12-year-old daughter and another son, he three years old, remained in the woods along with other women, children and old men from their town who also tried to hide from the attacking Serb forces. The snow provided little cover however. Many were killed during the fi refi ght that night and the next, including the mother of the two young boys whom Minja grabbed to shelter along with her own children. It was not long before the Serbs captured Minja along with many of the others. They were taken to a women's prison. When she names the place she shivers and momentarily gasps for breath. It was there that nightly she was gang raped by soldiers, beaten with rifl e butts and the steel-toed boots of her captors, and starved.One night after being raped by four, fi ve, maybe more men, she does not remember how many, and while she was being led back to her cell, the commander of the prison, pulled her by the hair, and sneering darkly into her face said: "Tell anyone and I will fi nd you in fi ve countries." In fi erce defi ance of his threats made several years before, Minja told me her story of surviving, being found by a cousin in Western Europe who united her with her husband and son after four years. She testifi ed before the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia in The Hague, insisting to me that she had not been afraid to be in the courtroom with her attacker, nor to answer the questions of the lawyers and justices.The assertion of her fearlessness is part of her defi ance of the soldier's threats; as much, too, as having survived the brutal conditions of her captivity. She is

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Flying Flags of Fear: The Role of Fear in the Process of Political Transition

Cited by 24 publications

References 14 publications

The meaning maintenance model and the victims of the ‘Troubles’: a needs-based theoretical review of the social psychological literature on Northern Ireland

The meaning maintenance model and the victims of the ‘Troubles’: a needs-based theoretical review of the social psychological literature on Northern Ireland

Travelling with the Idea of Taking Sides

Obliterating the Other: what can be repaired by “truth” and testimony?

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