fMRI BOLD Response to the Eyes Task in Offspring From Multiplex Alcohol Dependence Families

Hill, Shirley Y.; Kostelnik, Bryan; Holmes, Brian J.; Goradia, Dhruman D.; McDermott, M. P.; Diwadkar, Vaibhav A.; Keshavan, Matcheri S.

doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.2007.00535.x

Cited by 54 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…This pattern of activation has also been found amongst young people with high risk of alcoholism (i.e. from families with a history of alcohol dependence) (14) (15). This supports the idea that non-verbal language processing difficulties might partly precede the development of an addiction.…”

supporting

confidence: 76%

Commentary on Bora & Zorlu (2017): Social cognition deficits in addiction-an attachment problem?

Kornreich¹

2016

Addiction

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supporting

confidence: 76%

Commentary on Bora & Zorlu (2017): Social cognition deficits in addiction-an attachment problem?

Kornreich¹

2016

Addiction

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“…Consistent with previous data from our sample, the primary cognitive risks appear to be in the intelligence (Noll et al, 1992;Poon et al, 2000;Puttler et al, 1998) and executive function domains (Nigg et al, 2004). As found by Hill et al (2007), our large sample of high-risk adolescents/young adults from alcohol-dependent families was not different in RMET performance in comparison with controls. At the same time, based on the brain-behavior interaction fi ndings reported by Hill et al (2007), the unimpaired behavioral performance might be achieved through different processing strategies.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…As found by Hill et al (2007), our large sample of high-risk adolescents/young adults from alcohol-dependent families was not different in RMET performance in comparison with controls. At the same time, based on the brain-behavior interaction fi ndings reported by Hill et al (2007), the unimpaired behavioral performance might be achieved through different processing strategies. Additional or alternative brain networks might be involved in the processing of social stimuli in children of alcoholics compared with healthy controls, giving enough resources to perform the task properly.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…Research with normally developing children indicates that individual differences in theory of mind are infl uenced by intergenerational transmission (e.g., Hughes and Cutting, 1999;Sabbagh and Seamans, 2008). To our knowledge, there has been only one study in which the theory of mind social-perceptual component was measured with the RMET in young adults at high genetic risk for developing alcohol dependence (Hill et al, 2007). In this study, adolescents/young adults from alcoholic families were not different in RMET performance in comparison with controls but presented reduced blood oxygen level-dependent response in brain regions previously found to be active during theory of mind task performance.…”

Section: S Tudies Have Consistently Reported Cognitive-function Defi mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Theory of Mind Among Young Adult Children From Alcoholic Families

Kopera

Glass

Heitzeg

et al. 2014

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

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ABSTRACT. Objective: Given the evidence that several cognitive and emotional functions are impaired in adult alcohol-dependent patients and the possibility that some of these defi cits are transmitted to their children, the objective of the present study was to test the hypothesis that the perception of complex mental states would be reduced in young adults from families with a positive family history of alcohol dependence. It was also anticipated that social-perceptual defi cits would confer unique predictive ability beyond that shared with other cognitive risk factors for alcohol dependence and/or substance use risk. Method: Data from 301 youth ages 18-21 years, recruited from an ongoing community longitudinal study of alcoholic and matched control families, were analyzed. Family history of alcohol dependence as well as alcohol-dependence diagnosis in the youth was based on diagnostic criteria in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition. A substance use risk factor measured early problem alcohol/other drug use. The perception of mental states was measured with the computerized version of the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET). Results: Children of alcohol-dependent parents did not show impairment in the mental states perception task, nor did social perception skills predict alcohol dependence in the youth. Correlational analysis performed between RMET and the substance use risk factor showed no signifi cant association between the variables. Conclusions: The study results do not confi rm the hypothesis that behaviorally measured social perception impairment is more prevalent in the children of alcohol-dependent parents. In addition, social-perceptual defi cits were not a unique marker of either alcohol dependence or high risk for alcohol dependence in this young adult sample. (J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs, 75, 889-894, 2014)

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“…Findings from our lab concerning social cognition suggest that the ISA network may have relevance to risk for developing an AUD or related SUD. In an fMRI study using the Eyes Task which measures an individual’s ability to read the other person’s emotional state through facial expressions, we found that adolescent/young adult high-risk individuals had decreased BOLD activation in regions showing activation in controls [39]. Also, from a recent analysis of young adult offspring from families selected through women with alcohol dependence we find whole brain reduction of gray matter in multiple brain regions but particularly in regions having to do with facial processing (insula, fusiform cortex), regions that also held up under further analysis using ROI measures [Hill et al, Unpublished].…”

Section: Morphological Characteristics Of High-risk Offspringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological and Neurobiological Precursors of Alcohol Use Disorders in High-Risk Youth

Hill

O’Brien

2015

Curr Addict Rep

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It has long been known that Alcohol Use Disorders (AUDs) run in families with substantial heritability. Determining the specific genetic underpinnings of these disorders has been challenging because of the clinical heterogeneity and variable expression across the lifespan. The search for endophenotypic biological variation associated with the AUD and related substance use disorder (SUD) phenotypes is based on the belief that an endophenotype is more proximal to the causative gene. Identification of genes conferring increased susceptibility has important implications for treatment through the potential development of medications that target specific genetic pathways. High risk family designs that contrast offspring with and without a familial/genetic background have provided valuable insights into the psychological characteristics (executive control, affective regulation, decision making and social cognition) that differentiate such individuals. The current chapter will review these with a focus on brain morphology of specific regions, the coordinated activity of neural networks, and developmental trajectories of electrophysiological activity.

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fMRI BOLD Response to the Eyes Task in Offspring From Multiplex Alcohol Dependence Families

Cited by 54 publications

References 34 publications

Commentary on Bora & Zorlu (2017): Social cognition deficits in addiction-an attachment problem?

Commentary on Bora & Zorlu (2017): Social cognition deficits in addiction-an attachment problem?

Theory of Mind Among Young Adult Children From Alcoholic Families

Psychological and Neurobiological Precursors of Alcohol Use Disorders in High-Risk Youth

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