fMRI Mapping of cortical centers following visual stimulation in postnatal pigs of different ages

Fang, Marong; Li, Jicheng; Rudd, John A.; Wai, Sen Mun; Yew, Jason C.C.; Yew, David T.

doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2005.06.030

Cited by 27 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Evidence for the complex interplay between the hemodynamic and metabolic changes during human brain development is provided by the absence or negative BOLD response to visual stimulation observed in neonates (34). Results of our current study have implications for the interpretation functional MRI studies different stages of development (35). In summary, we have further characterized the complex development processes of swine brain development using noninvasive MRI techniques that can be easily translated to the developing human brain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Noninvasive MRI Measures of Microstructural and Cerebrovascular Changes During Normal Swine Brain Development

et al. 2011

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ABSTRACT:The swine brain is emerging as a potentially valuable translational animal model of neurodevelopment and offers the ability to assess the impact of experimentally induced neurological disorders. The goal for this study was to characterize swine brain development using noninvasive MRI measures of microstructural and cerebrovascular changes. Thirteen pigs at various postnatal ages (2.3-43.5 kg) were imaged on a 1.5-Tesla MRI system. Microstructural changes were assessed using diffusion tensor imaging measures of mean diffusivity and fractional anisotropy. Cerebrovascular changes were assessed using arterial spin labeling measures of baseline cerebral blood flow (CBF) and the cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) of the blood-oxygen level dependent (BOLD) MRI signal to CO 2 . We found a positive logarithmic relationship for regional tissue volumes and fractional anisotropy with body weight, which is similar to the pattern reported in the developing human brain. Unlike in the maturing human brain, no consistent changes in mean diffusivity or baseline CBF with development were observed. Changes in BOLD CVR exhibited a positive logarithmic relationship with body weight, which may impact the interpretation of functional MRI results at different stages of development. This animal model can be validated by applying the same noninvasive measures in humans. (Pediatr Res 69: 418-424, 2011) P rocesses of human brain development are integral to the understanding of the long-term impact of neurological disorders afflicting the immature brain. Animal models provide a means to investigate developmental processes in a controlled manner and to model the effects of disease and injury on the immature brain. Dobbing and Sands (1) proposed that the swine brain may represent an appropriate model for the immature human brain based on the timing of the brain growth spurt (rapid stages of brain growth), which is recognized as a period of increased vulnerability to injury. Additional benefits of the swine model for developmental neuroscience include similar histology, cortical folding, and gray-matter (GM)-to-white-matter (WM) ratio to humans (1). Moreover, recent advances in transgenic neural gene manipulations and the ability to model brain injury and neurologic disorders have also supported the increasing use of swine as a model for neuroscience and neurosurgical research (2,3).Ontogeny of the brain typically focuses on structural changes during development; however, these changes may also be linked to cerebrovascular development based on the observed association between rapid stages of brain growth and increased cerebral perfusion that is believed to be required to match increased metabolic needs (4). Given that many pathologies of the immature brain involve compromised cerebral perfusion (e.g., neonatal encephalopathy and intraventricular hemorrhage), there is a need to characterize both cerebrovascular and structural changes occurring in animal models of early human brain development.MRI is emerging as the prominent modality for ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Noninvasive MRI Measures of Microstructural and Cerebrovascular Changes During Normal Swine Brain Development

et al. 2011

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“…This method is used to make inferences about the effects of the stimuli by decomposing data into effects and errors, and computes statistical maps related to the effects of the stimuli (see Monti 2011 for principles). This kind of study is widely used in human and non-human primates, but due to a required subjects's involvement, typical fMRI activation paradigms have only been used in a few studies in large animals such as pigs or sheep (Fang et al 2005b, Fang et al 2005c, Fang et al 2006, Opdam et al 2002. Due to the constraints mentioned above (see 2.1), this kind of experimental paradigm will not be discussed further in this chapter.…”

Section: Typical Activation Studies: Block Designsmentioning

confidence: 99%

MRI Techniques and New Animal Models for Imaging the Brain

Chaillou¹,

Tillet²,

Andersson³

2012

When Things Go Wrong - Diseases and Disorders of the Human Brain

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“…Midsagittal section. 10 High-density lentiform nucleus (L) and also high-density area in the temporal lobe (T). Parasagittal section.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, Takanashi and Barkovich [8] reported that T 2 -weighted images could yield details on myelination. Functional MRI has been employed in postnatal animal studies already by our group [9,10] . D'Incerti [11] , Colombo et al [12] , Righini et al [13] and Ghai et al [14] used MRI to study lissencephaly, polymicrogyria, agyria, pachygyria, heterotopia and hemimegalencephaly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging of the Developing Central Nervous System in the Fetus

Kwong²,

Wai³

et al. 2008

Neuroembryol Aging

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The development of the brain was studied by MRI in living fetuses of pregnant women (performed because of medical reasons or in volunteers). They were from 21 to 37 weeks of gestation. At 21 weeks, diencephalic condensations were evident. By 25 weeks, high-density areas appeared in the prefrontal, central parietal and temporal cortices. The lentiform nucleus began to separate from the diencephalic mass between 26 and 28 weeks. The caudate nucleus, corpus callosum and septal areas were observed by 28 weeks, where the hippocampus was definitively identified by 29 weeks. By 30 weeks, the fornix was evident. Profuse CSF circulation with genesis of new gyri was noted at that stage. By 37 weeks, the brain of the fetus was much the same as that of the child except the insula did not show significant gyri.

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fMRI Mapping of cortical centers following visual stimulation in postnatal pigs of different ages

Cited by 27 publications

References 13 publications

Noninvasive MRI Measures of Microstructural and Cerebrovascular Changes During Normal Swine Brain Development

Noninvasive MRI Measures of Microstructural and Cerebrovascular Changes During Normal Swine Brain Development

MRI Techniques and New Animal Models for Imaging the Brain

Imaging of the Developing Central Nervous System in the Fetus

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