Focal Modulation of the Primary Motor Cortex in Fibromyalgia Using 4×1-Ring High-Definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (HD-tDCS): Immediate and Delayed Analgesic Effects of Cathodal and Anodal Stimulation

Villamar, Mauricio F.; Wivatvongvana, Pakorn; Patumanond, Jayanton; Bikson, Marom; Truong, Dennis Q.; Datta, Abhishek; Fregni, Felipe

doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2012.12.007

Cited by 167 publications

(136 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…These phenomena are frequently observed during both sham and active HD-tDCS 15,16 and should indicate that DC is being delivered as intended. However, they typically tend to fade away after the first few minutes of stimulation.…”

Section: Representative Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Ensure that the cap fits snugly but comfortably, and adjust the position of the four return plastic casings. Although other approaches are certainly feasible, in a previous trial 16 we positioned the return electrodes in a radius of approximately 7.5 cm from M1. Their locations corresponded roughly to Cz, F3, T7 and P3 ( Figure 4).…”

Section: Electrode Positioning and Device Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lower "quality units" values are desirable. Although no strict guidelines are available to date, values lower than or equal to 1.50 to 2.0 "quality units" have been used as a cutoff in previous studies 15,16 .…”

Section: Electrode Positioning and Device Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Technique and Considerations in the Use of 4x1 Ring High-definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (HD-tDCS)

Villamar

Volz

Bikson

et al. 2013

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High-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) has recently been developed as a noninvasive brain stimulation approach that increases the accuracy of current delivery to the brain by using arrays of smaller "high-definition" electrodes, instead of the larger padelectrodes of conventional tDCS. Targeting is achieved by energizing electrodes placed in predetermined configurations. One of these is the 4x1-ring configuration. In this approach, a center ring electrode (anode or cathode) overlying the target cortical region is surrounded by four return electrodes, which help circumscribe the area of stimulation. Delivery of 4x1-ring HD-tDCS is capable of inducing significant neurophysiological and clinical effects in both healthy subjects and patients. Furthermore, its tolerability is supported by studies using intensities as high as 2.0 milliamperes for up to twenty minutes.Even though 4x1 HD-tDCS is simple to perform, correct electrode positioning is important in order to accurately stimulate target cortical regions and exert its neuromodulatory effects. The use of electrodes and hardware that have specifically been tested for HD-tDCS is critical for safety and tolerability. Given that most published studies on 4x1 HD-tDCS have targeted the primary motor cortex (M1), particularly for pain-related outcomes, the purpose of this article is to systematically describe its use for M1 stimulation, as well as the considerations to be taken for safe and effective stimulation. However, the methods outlined here can be adapted for other HD-tDCS configurations and cortical targets.

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Section: Representative Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Electrode Positioning and Device Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Technique and Considerations in the Use of 4x1 Ring High-definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (HD-tDCS)

Villamar

Volz

Bikson

et al. 2013

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191

155

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“…Page 7 of 37 HD-tDCS has previously been investigated as a form of analgesia (Borckardt et al, 2012;Villamar et al, 2013) and for the evaluation of motor cortex excitability (Caparelli-Daquer et al, 2012;Kuo et al, 2013), however, to-date has not been investigated to probe neuropsychological functioning.…”

Section: Focal Tdcs To Investigate Verbal Learning and Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Focalised stimulation using high definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) to investigate declarative verbal learning and memory functioning

et al. 2015

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“…2.7; Datta et al, 2009;Edwards et al, 2013). Though relatively few HD-tDCS studies have been published as of yet, 4 Â 1 HD-tDCS has been shown to be a reliable method of targeting specific cortical areas, can produce plasticity changes that may outlast conventional tDCS , and has even been shown to reduce the perception on pain in fibromyalgia patients (Villamar, Volz et al, 2013;Villamar, Wivatvongvana et al, 2013) and in experimental pain (Borckardt et al, 2012). In the coming decades we can expect the field of tDCS to see advancements in areas like methods of deeper current penetration, more specific cortical targeting, more specific patient dosage parameters, and a larger shift of the use of tDCS in clinical environments.…”

Section: Clinical Applications Of Tdcsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcranial Electrical Stimulation

Moreno-Duarte

Gebodh

Schestatsky

et al. 2014

The Stimulated Brain

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Focal Modulation of the Primary Motor Cortex in Fibromyalgia Using 4×1-Ring High-Definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (HD-tDCS): Immediate and Delayed Analgesic Effects of Cathodal and Anodal Stimulation

Cited by 167 publications

References 47 publications

Technique and Considerations in the Use of 4x1 Ring High-definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (HD-tDCS)

Technique and Considerations in the Use of 4x1 Ring High-definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (HD-tDCS)

Focalised stimulation using high definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) to investigate declarative verbal learning and memory functioning

Transcranial Electrical Stimulation

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