Focus areas for data acquisition for potential domestic resources of 11 critical minerals in the conterminous United States, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico—Aluminum, cobalt, graphite, lithium, niobium, platinum-group elements, rare earth elements, tantalum, tin, titanium, and tungsten

Hammarstrom, Jane M.; Dicken, Connie L.; Day, Warren C.; Hofstra, Albert H.; Drenth, Benjamin J.; Shah, Anjana K.; McCafferty, Anne E.; Woodruff, Laurel G.; Foley, Nora K.; Ponce, David A.; Frost, Thomas P.; Stillings, Lisa L.

doi:10.3133/ofr20191023b

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…An ore deposit is a well-defined mineral deposit that has been tested and found to be of sufficient size, grade, and accessibility to be extracted and processed at a profit over a specific time. A mineral system is the grouping of mineral deposits by the geological processes necessary to form major mineral deposits and is not restricted to descriptive elements of a specific mineralization style (Hagemann et al, 2016;Hammarstrom et al, 2020;Hofstra et al, 2020.…”

Section: Definitions Of Mineral Resources and Mineral-resource Potentialmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The U.S. Geological Survey has defined mineral systems and focus areas for the United States where geologic terranes are favorable for hosting the various critical minerals. Focus areas for REE, aluminum, cobalt, graphite, lithium, niobium, platinum-group elements, tantalum, tin, titanium, tungsten are described in Hammarstrom et al (2020). A preliminary data release on focus areas for the remaining critical minerals was used in this report.…”

Section: Critical Mineralsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mineral-Resource Potential of Portions of Southwestern New Mexico

Stafford,

McLemore,

Martin

et al. 2024

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Mineral resources are the naturally occurring concentrations of materials (solids, gas, or liquid) in or on the earth's crust that can be extracted economically under current or future economic conditions. Most of the state's mineral production comes from oil, gas, coal, copper, potash, industrial minerals and aggregates. Oil and gas are the most important extractive industries in New Mexico in terms of production value and revenues generated. The mineral-resource potential of an area is the probability or likelihood that a mineral will occur in sufficient quantities so that it can be extracted economically under current or future conditions, and includes the occurrence of undiscovered concentrations of metals, nonmetals, industrial materials, and energy resources. The mineral-resource potential is not a measure of the quantities of the mineral resources, but is a measure of the potential of occurrence. Factors that could preclude development of the resource, such as the feasibility of extraction, land ownership, accessibility of the minerals, or the cost of exploration, development, production, processing, permitting, bonding, or marketing, are not considered in assessing the mineral-resource potential. The proposed action is a land exchange that calls for transfer of state surface and minerals from the U.S. Bureau of Land Management (BLM) to the New Mexico State Land Office (SLO). Then, in return, the SLO will transfer SLO lands to the BLM. This report assesses the mineral-resource potential of the BLM lands, i.e., an assessment of selected economic mineral commodities that are most likely to be produced in the near future. The assessment for each area is below and for each individual parcel is in Appendix 1. As geologic mapping progresses at more detailed scales (i.e., 1:24,000), the mineral-resource potential in most areas of New Mexico will need to be updated. Changing economics could also alter the mineral-resource potential in the future. Furthermore, this assessment is based upon a literature search and experience of the authors, but still requires field verification.

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Section: Definitions Of Mineral Resources and Mineral-resource Potentialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Critical Mineralsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mineral-Resource Potential of Portions of Southwestern New Mexico

Stafford,

McLemore,

Martin

et al. 2024

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Evaluation of the lithium resource in the Smackover Formation brines of southern Arkansas using machine learning

Knierim,

Blondes,

Masterson

et al. 2024

Sci. Adv.

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Global demand for lithium, the primary component of lithium-ion batteries, greatly exceeds known supplies, and this imbalance is expected to increase as the world transitions away from fossil fuel energy sources. High concentrations of lithium in brines have been observed in the Smackover Formation in southern Arkansas (>400 milligrams per liter). We used published and newly collected brine lithium concentration data to train a random forest machine-learning model using geologic, geochemical, and temperature explanatory variables and create a map of predicted lithium concentrations in Smackover Formation brines across southern Arkansas. Using these predicted lithium maps with reservoir parameters and geologic information, we calculated that there are 5.1 to 19 million tons of lithium in Smackover Formation brines in southern Arkansas, which represents 35 to 136% of the current US lithium resource estimate. Based on these calculations, in 2022, 5000 tons of dissolved lithium were brought to the surface within brines as waste streams of the oil, gas, and bromine industries.

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