Focus on prolactin as a metabolic hormone

Ben‐Jonathan, Nira; Hugo, Eric R.; Brandebourg, Terry D.; LaPensee, Christopher R.

doi:10.1016/j.tem.2006.02.005

Cited by 290 publications

(252 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…1). Increased prolactin levels have been associated with the manifestation of insulin resistance (13). Fasting prolactin levels in patients with HO and SHO had no statistically significant differences compared with those in EU (7.37G1.09 and 11.5G1.98 vs 9.48G0.98 ng/ml respectively, PO0.1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Studies of insulin resistance in patients with clinical and subclinical hypothyroidism

Maratou

Hadjidakis²,

Κόλλιας³

et al. 2009

European Journal of Endocrinology

366

277

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Objective: Although clinical hypothyroidism (HO) is associated with insulin resistance, there is no information on insulin action in subclinical hypothyroidism (SHO). Design and methods: To investigate this, we assessed the sensitivity of glucose metabolism to insulin both in vivo (by an oral glucose tolerance test) and in vitro (by measuring insulin-stimulated rates of glucose transport in isolated monocytes with flow cytometry) in 21 euthyroid subjects (EU), 12 patients with HO, and 13 patients with SHO. Results: All three groups had comparable plasma glucose levels, with the HO and SHO having higher plasma insulin than the EU (P!0.05). Homeostasis model assessment index was increased in HO (1.97G0.22) and SHO (1.99G0.13) versus EU (1.27G0.16, P!0.05), while Matsuda index was decreased in HO (3.89G0.36) and SHO (4.26G0.48) versus EU (7.76G0.87, P!0.001), suggesting insulin resistance in both fasting and post-glucose state. At 100 mU/ml insulin: i) GLUT4 levels on the monocyte plasma membrane were decreased in both HO (215G19 mean fluorescence intensity, MFI) and SHO (218G24 MFI) versus EU (270G25 MFI, PZ0.03 and 0.04 respectively), and ii) glucose transport rates in monocytes from HO (481G30 MFI) and SHO (462G19 MFI) were decreased versus EU (571G15 MFI, PZ0.04 and 0.004 respectively). Conclusions: In patients with HO and SHO: i) insulin resistance was comparable; ii) insulin-stimulated rates of glucose transport in isolated monocytes were decreased due to impaired translocation of GLUT4 glucose transporters on the plasma membrane; iii) these findings could justify the increased risk for insulin resistance-associated disorders, such as cardiovascular disease, observed in patients with HO or SHO.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Studies of insulin resistance in patients with clinical and subclinical hypothyroidism

Maratou

Hadjidakis²,

Κόλλιας³

et al. 2009

European Journal of Endocrinology

366

277

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“…Prolactin is also secreted from adipose tissue where regulatory effects upon insulin signalling and adipogenesis have been demonstrated (101). In diet-induced obesity and genetic models of obesity, administration of the dopamine agonist bromocriptine improves hepatic steatosis and markers of mitochondrial oxidative stress; however, prolactin levels were not measured in this study (102).…”

Section: Prolactinmentioning

confidence: 76%

Mechanisms in endocrinology: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in common endocrine disorders

Hazlehurst

Tomlinson

2013

European Journal of Endocrinology

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Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a spectrum of disease spanning from simple benign steatosis to steatohepatitis with fibrosis and scarring that can eventually lead to cirrhosis. Its prevalence is rising rapidly and is developing into the leading indication for liver transplantation worldwide. Abnormalities in endocrine axes have been associated with NALFD, including hypogonadism, hypothyroidism, GH deficiency and hypercortisolaemia. In some instances, correction of the endocrine defects has been shown to have a beneficial impact. While in patients with type 2 diabetes the association with NAFLD is well established and recognised, there is a more limited appreciation of the condition among common endocrine diseases presenting with hormonal excess or deficiency. In this review, we examine the published data that have suggested a mechanistic link between endocrine abnormalities and NAFLD and summarise the clinical data endorsing these observations.

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“…Finally, PRL also has a well-documented role in nutrient provisioning, an important aspect of the reproductive cycle of both mammals (directing nutrients towards the mammary gland and promoting its growth [reviewed in 6,15]) and birds (promoting crop sac growth and epithelial proliferation to produce 'crop milk' [reviewed in 15,44]). …”

Section: Nutrient Provisioning To Youngmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of prolactin in fish reproduction

Whittington¹,

Wilson²

2013

General and Comparative Endocrinology

103

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Abstract:Prolactin (PRL) has one of the broadest ranges of functions of any vertebrate hormone, and plays a critical role in regulating aspects of reproduction in widely divergent lineages. However, while PRL structure, mode of action and functions have been well-characterised in mammals, studies of other vertebrate lineages remain incomplete. As the most diverse group of vertebrates, fish offer a particularly valuable model system for the study of the evolution of reproductive endocrine function. Here, we review the current state of knowledge on the role of prolactin in fish reproduction, which extends to migration, reproductive development and cycling, brood care behaviour, pregnancy, and nutrient provisioning to young. We also highlight significant gaps in knowledge and advocate a specific bidirectional research methodology including both observational and manipulative experiments. Focusing research efforts towards the thorough characterisation of a restricted number of reproductively diverse fish models will help to provide the foundation necessary for a more explicitly evolutionary analysis of PRL function.

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Focus on prolactin as a metabolic hormone

Cited by 290 publications

References 63 publications

Studies of insulin resistance in patients with clinical and subclinical hypothyroidism

Studies of insulin resistance in patients with clinical and subclinical hypothyroidism

Mechanisms in endocrinology: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in common endocrine disorders

The role of prolactin in fish reproduction

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