Focusing on the characteristics of true memories reduces false memories

Lane, Sean P.; Villa, Diane

doi:10.1037/e536982012-451

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…However, as we age, the way we process and remember information changes (e.g. Light, 1996;Salthouse, 1992;Schacter, Koutstaal, & Norman, 1997). Older adults often show a deficit in making source identifications, even when they are as good as younger adults at recognising that items were previously presented (e.g.…”

Section: Ageing and Reliance On Stereotypesmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Hashtroudi, Johnson, & Chrosniak, 1990;Henkel, Johnson, & De Leonardis, 1998;Johnson, Foley, Suengas, & Raye, 1988;Johnson, Raye, Foley, & Kim, 1982;Mather, Henkel, & Johnson, 1997;Schooler, Gerhard, & Loftus, 1986;, the amount of perceptual and contextual detail associated with a particular memory can help one determine whether the event was perceived or imagined. Even in situations in which imagined events seem indistinguishable from perceived events, inducing participants to focus on perceptual and contextual memorial characteristics can increase their source monitoring accuracy (Lane & Villa, 1997;Mather et al, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Stereotype Reliance in Source Monitoring: Age Differences and Neuropsychological Test Correlates

Mather¹,

Johnson²,

Leonardis³

1999

Cognitive Neuropsychology

175

167

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This study provides evidence that when source-specifying features are less available, people will rely more on their general knowledge to attribute memories to sources. Two factors (ageing and emotional self-focus) that, in general, are associated with poorer source identification performance both led to a greater reliance on stereotypes when participants attempted to remember who had said statements in a video they had watched earlier. In addition, correlations between older adults' ability to attribute statements correctly and their scores on a battery of neuropsychological tests suggests that both frontally based processes and medial temporally based processes affect accuracy of source identification, but do so to different degrees depending upon the nature of the source identification tasks.

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Section: Ageing and Reliance On Stereotypesmentioning

confidence: 98%