2023
DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2023.01.009
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Focusing on the Native Matrix Proteins in Calcific Aortic Valve Stenosis

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Cited by 2 publications
(5 citation statements)
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“…Common examples of leaflet function include activation of myocyte and fibroblast differentiation during inflammatory response to calcification 50 , as well as ongoing adjustment of biomechanical properties through fibroblast-driven tissue remodeling in response to the hemodynamic forces constantly imparted over the three billion repetitive systole and diastole cycles of a human lifespan 23 , 48 , 49 . These adaptive structural and functional responses are made possible by communication between valvular endothelial cells (VECs) and valvular interstitial cells (VICs), which results in tissue remodeling and the synthesis of a valvular extracellular matrix (VECM), collagen and elastin 7 , 11 , 12 , 14 , 23 , 24 , 48 , 49 , 51 53 .
Figure 3 Physiological context and vertical histological cryosection of aortic valve leaflets.
…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Common examples of leaflet function include activation of myocyte and fibroblast differentiation during inflammatory response to calcification 50 , as well as ongoing adjustment of biomechanical properties through fibroblast-driven tissue remodeling in response to the hemodynamic forces constantly imparted over the three billion repetitive systole and diastole cycles of a human lifespan 23 , 48 , 49 . These adaptive structural and functional responses are made possible by communication between valvular endothelial cells (VECs) and valvular interstitial cells (VICs), which results in tissue remodeling and the synthesis of a valvular extracellular matrix (VECM), collagen and elastin 7 , 11 , 12 , 14 , 23 , 24 , 48 , 49 , 51 53 .
Figure 3 Physiological context and vertical histological cryosection of aortic valve leaflets.
…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…3 d): (1) a fibrosa layer on the aortic side (45% of leaflet thickness) that contains a mixed population of VICs and Type I collagen fibers 55 57 for support against circumferential hemodynamic stresses and tensile forces imparted by aortic backflow during diastole; (2) a middle spongiosa layer (35% of leaflet thickness) with a microvascular system that permits interstitial cells to absorb shear forces during the cardiac cycle, an extracellular matrix that produces high concentrations of proteoglycan and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and a high hydrous content for gliding of the layers during the cardiac cycles; and (3) a lowermost ventricularis layer (20% of leaflet thickness) that contains densely laminated and radially aligned elastin fibers that provide tissue structural flexibility, enhanced radial stretch and elastic recoil during systole. However, upon calcification and initiation of inflammatory responses, leaflets undergo complex modifications and remodeling 14 .…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Increased oxidative stress promotes the formation of oxidized LDL, which triggers the vascular and valve inflammatory response, activating local macrophages, CD4+, CD8+ lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and mast cells (16). After the inflammatory phase, the propagation stage will predominantly be in the valve tissue, in which cytokines secreted by immune cells promote the differentiation of valve interstitial cells into myofibroblasts and osteoblastic phenotypes, and this process will finally cause the diffuse release of calcium in the valve tissue (16,17) .…”
Section: Pathophysiologymentioning
confidence: 99%